Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134074580
Author: Bruice, Paula Yurkanis
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25.8, Problem 16P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Reason for two equivalent of NADPH is used to reduce hydroxymethylglutary-CoA to mevalonic acid has to be explained.
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Why are two equivalents of NADPH required to reduce hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA to mevalonic acid?
Most fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acid cycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitamins are the coenzymes derived?
Most fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acid cycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitamins are the coenzymes derived?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 25.3 - Which has a higher melting point, glyceryl...Ch. 25.3 - Draw the structure of an optically inactive fat...Ch. 25.3 - Draw the structure of an optically active fat...Ch. 25.5 - Do the identities of R1 and R2 in phosphatidic...Ch. 25.5 - Membranes contain proteins, Integral membrane...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 8PCh. 25.5 - The membrane phospholipids in deer have a higher...Ch. 25.6 - Treating PGC2 with a strong base such as sodium...Ch. 25.7 - Mark off the isoprene units in menthol, -selinene,...
Ch. 25.7 - Prob. 13PCh. 25.7 - Prob. 14PCh. 25.8 - Propose mechanisms for the Claisen condensation...Ch. 25.8 - Prob. 16PCh. 25.8 - Propose a mechanism for the conversion of...Ch. 25.8 - Propose a mechanism for the biosynthesis of...Ch. 25.8 - Propose a mechanism for the conversion of the E...Ch. 25.8 - The fluoro-substitued geranyl pyrophosphate shown...Ch. 25.8 - Prob. 22PCh. 25.8 - Prob. 23PCh. 25.9 - Draw the individual 1,2-hydride and 1,2-methyl...Ch. 25.10 - Prob. 26PCh. 25.10 - Prob. 27PCh. 25.10 - The acid component of a cholesterol ester is a...Ch. 25.10 - Prob. 29PCh. 25.10 - Prob. 30PCh. 25 - Prob. 31PCh. 25 - An optically active fat, when completely...Ch. 25 - Prob. 33PCh. 25 - a. How many different triacylglycerols are there...Ch. 25 - Cardiolipins are found in heart muscles. Draw the...Ch. 25 - Nutmeg contains a simple, fully saturated...Ch. 25 - Draw the product that is obtained from the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 39PCh. 25 - Prob. 40PCh. 25 - Propose a mechanism for the biosynthesis of...Ch. 25 - 5-Androstene-3.17-dione is isomerized to...Ch. 25 - Prob. 44PCh. 25 - Eudesmol is a sesquiterpene found in eucalyptus....Ch. 25 - Prob. 46PCh. 25 - Prob. 47PCh. 25 - Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was given to pregnant...
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- When pyruvate is reduced by NADH to lactate, which hydrogen in lactate comes from NADH?arrow_forwardA portion of the citric acid cycle is shown below. What are the identities of A and B? citrate → A→isocitrate → B A = cis-aconitate; B = a-ketoglutarate A = malate; B = fumarate A = cis-aconitate; B = oxaloacetate A = a-ketoglutarate; B = succinate A = succinate; B = a-ketoglutaratearrow_forwardThe catabolism of several amino acids generates succinyl-CoA. Describe the series of reactions that are required to convert mitochondrial succinyl-CoA to cytosolic oxaloacetate that can be used for gluconeogenesis.arrow_forward
- What amino acid is obtained from the reductive amination of the following metabolic intermediates in a cell by reductive amination?arrow_forwardHow many molecules of ATP are obtained from the NADH and FADH2 formed in the beta-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl-CoAarrow_forwardFatty acids and triglycerides are an important source of nutrition and a dense form of stored energy. Digestion of fats yields more energy per gram than digestion of carbohydrates. Each turn on the B-oxidation spiral results in the formation of a new acetyl COA molecule. This molecule can then be used to generate more energy in A) fatty acid synthesis B) ketolysis C) glycolysis D) tricarboxylic acid cycle E) oxidative phosphorylationarrow_forward
- How many molecules of NADH and FADH2 are obtained from the beta-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acyl-CoA?arrow_forwardPyruvate must be oxidized into acetyl-CoA in order to enter the citric acid cycle. Which of the following are required for this process per one molecule of pyruvate? ADP, FADH ATP, NADH ATP, NAD+ NAD+, coenzyme A CO2, NADHarrow_forward
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