Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 25.5, Problem 31CYP
Summary Introduction
To determine:
Examples of some human retroviruses and the diseases they cause.
Introduction:
Retroviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that convert their RNA to DNA by means of a viral enzyme called reverse transcriptase.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Which microbe does not live part of its lifecycle outside humans?
A. Toxoplasma gondii
B. Cytomegalovirus
C. Francisella tularensis
D. Plasmodium falciparum
explain your answer thoroughly.
Select all of the following that the ablation (knockout) or ectopoic expression (gain of function) of Hox can contribute to.
Another set of wings in the fruit fly, duplication of fingernails, ectopic ears in mice, excess feathers in duck/quail chimeras, and homeosis of segment 2 to jaw in Hox2a mutants
Select all of the following that changes in the MC1R gene can lead to:
Changes in spots/stripes in lizards, changes in coat coloration in mice, ectopic ear formation in Siberian hamsters, and red hair in humans
Chapter 25 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1ELOCh. 25.1 - Understand what is meant by antigenic shift and...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 3ELOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 5ELOCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 25.1 - What is unusual about the genome of influenza...Ch. 25.1 - Explain how antigenic shift and drift differ and...Ch. 25.1 - Explain the course of infection and disease and...Ch. 25.1 - Explain generally how flu vaccines are prepared....
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 25.1 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 25.2 - Recall the enveloped viruses possessing a...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 25.2 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 25.2 - Describe the structural characteristics common to...Ch. 25.2 - Describe the steps in the production of...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 25.2 - Name two examples of Paramyxovirus and describe...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 25.2 - Summarize the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment,...Ch. 25.2 - Describe the epidemiological cycle in rabies.Ch. 25.2 - Which animals in the United States are most...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 25.2 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 25.3 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 25.3 - Understand the epidemiology, diagnosis, and...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 25.3 - Summarize the transmission and pathology of the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 25.3 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 25.3 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 25.3 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 25.3 - Prob. 22CYPCh. 25.3 - Outline a typical course of hepatitis C infection,...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 25.4 - Describe the pathology of arboviral disease.Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 16ELOCh. 25.4 - Name several activities that increase the risk of...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 25CYPCh. 25.4 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 25.4 - How is the cycle of the viruses maintained in the...Ch. 25.4 - Describe the symptoms of the encephalitis type of...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 29CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 18ELOCh. 25.5 - Describe the structural features of the human...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 21ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 22ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 24ELOCh. 25.5 - Prob. 25ELOCh. 25.5 - Understand the purpose of using combination...Ch. 25.5 - Describe the diseases associated with HTLV-I.Ch. 25.5 - What are retroviruses, and how are they different...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 31CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 32CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 33CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 34CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 35CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 36CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 37CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 38CYPCh. 25.5 - List the major opportunistic bacterial, fungal,...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 40CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 41CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 42CYPCh. 25.5 - What is the rationale behind the use of HAART...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 44CYPCh. 25.5 - Prob. 45CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 28ELOCh. 25.6 - Describe the range of pathologies seen in...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 30ELOCh. 25.6 - Understand the epidemiology, diagnosis, and...Ch. 25.6 - Understand why rhinovirus infections are typically...Ch. 25.6 - Describe the epidemiology and pathology of...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 34ELOCh. 25.6 - Prob. 46CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 47CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 48CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 49CYPCh. 25.6 - What characteristics of enteric viruses cause them...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 51CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 52CYPCh. 25.6 - List several activities that reduce the incidence...Ch. 25.6 - Prob. 54CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 55CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 56CYPCh. 25.6 - Prob. 57CYPCh. 25.6 - What viruses possess a double-stranded RNA genome...Ch. 25.7 - Prob. 35ELOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 36ELOCh. 25.7 - Prob. 37ELOCh. 25.7 - Describe the characteristics of the agents...Ch. 25.7 - Explain how bovine spongiform encephalopathy can...Ch. 25.7 - Make a flowchart to explain the mechanism of how...Ch. 25.7 - Prob. 62CYPCh. 25.7 - Prob. 63CYPCh. 25.L1 - Which receptors of the influenza virus are...Ch. 25.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 25.L1 - A common, highly diagnostic sign of measles is a....Ch. 25.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 25.L1 - For which disease are active and passive...Ch. 25.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 25.L1 - Rhinoviruses are the most common cause of a....Ch. 25.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 15MCQCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 25.L1 - During which periods of a measles infection is a...Ch. 25.L1 - Match each of the statement below to measles or...Ch. 25.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 25.L1 - Prob. 6WCCh. 25.L2 - a. Explain the relationship between herd immunity...Ch. 25.L2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 5CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 6CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 25.L2 - Prob. 10CTCh. 25.L2 - Biopsies from the liver and intestine of an...Ch. 25.L2 - Refer to figures 25.2 and 25.23, and compare and...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Pleiotropic genes are genes that (blank) Cause a swapping of organs/structures, are the result of duplicated sets of chromosomes, never produce protein products, and have more than one purpose/functionarrow_forwardA loss of function mutation in Pitx1 enhancers can cause (blank) Removal of Pitx1 exons and growth of ectopic hindlimbs, growth of extra ectopic forelimbs, loss of forelimb specification and development, and loss of hindlimb specification and developmentarrow_forwardHox1a most likely contributes to (blank) patterning in the developing embryo? Ventral, posterior, limb or anteriorarrow_forward
- Select all of the following that can help establish Hox gene expression boundaries (things that affect Hox and not things that Hox affects). Retinoic acid, anterior/posterior axis, fibroblast growth factors, vagal neural crest, and enhancersarrow_forwardEctopic expression of Hox often results in (blank) phenotypes. (Blank) transformations are characterized by the replacement of one body part/structure with another. Hoxeotic, homealoneotic, joexotic, or homeoticarrow_forwardWhat's the difference when drawing omega-6 and omega-3?arrow_forward
- . Consider a base substitution mutation that occurred in a DNA sequence that resulted in a change in the encoded protein from the amino acid glutamic acid to aspartic acid. Normally the glutamic acid amino acid is located on the outside of the soluble protein but not near an active site. O-H¨ A. What type of mutation occurred? O-H B. What 2 types of chemical bonds are found in the R-groups of each amino acid? The R groups are shaded. CH2 CH2 CH2 H2N-C-COOH H2N-C-COOH 1 H Glutamic acid H Aspartic acid C. What 2 types of bonds could each R-group of each of these amino acids form with other molecules? D. Consider the chemical properties of the two amino acids and the location of the amino acid in the protein. Explain what effect this mutation will have on this protein's function and why.arrow_forwardengineered constructs that consist of hollow fibers are acting as synthetic capillaries, around which cells have been loaded. The cellular space around a single fiber can be modeled as if it were a Krogh tissue cylinder. Each fiber has an outside “capillary” radius of 100 µm and the “tissue” radius can be taken as 200 µm. The following values apply to the device:R0 = 20 µM/secaO2 = 1.35 µM/mmHgDO2,T = 1.67 x 10-5 cm2/secPO2,m = 4 x 10-3 cm/secInstead of blood inside the fibers, the oxygen transport and tissue consumption are being investigated by usingan aqueous solution saturated with pure oxygen. As a result, there is no mass transfer resistance in the synthetic“capillary”, only that due to the membrane itself. Rather than accounting for pO2 variations along the length ofthe fiber, use an average value in the “capillary” of 130 mmHg.Is the tissue fully oxygenated?arrow_forwardMolecular Biology Please help with question. thank you You are studying the expression of the lac operon. You have isolated mutants as described below. In the presence of glucose, explain/describe what would happen, for each mutant, to the expression of the lac operon when you add lactose AND what would happen when the bacteria has used up all of the lactose (if the mutant is able to use lactose).5. Mutations in the lac operator that strengthen the binding of the lac repressor 200 fold 6. Mutations in the promoter that prevent binding of RNA polymerase 7. Mutations in CRP/CAP protein that prevent binding of cAMP8. Mutations in sigma factor that prevent binding of sigma to core RNA polymerasearrow_forward
- Molecular Biology Please help and there is an attached image. Thank you. A bacteria has a gene whose protein/enzyme product is involved with the synthesis of a lipid necessary for the synthesis of the cell membrane. Expression of this gene requires the binding of a protein (called ACT) to a control sequence (called INC) next to the promoter. A. Is the expression/regulation of this gene an example of induction or repression?Please explain:B. Is this expression/regulation an example of positive or negative control?C. When the lipid is supplied in the media, the expression of the enzyme is turned off.Describe one likely mechanism for how this “turn off” is accomplished.arrow_forwardMolecular Biology Please help. Thank you. Discuss/define the following:(a) poly A polymerase (b) trans-splicing (c) operonarrow_forwardMolecular Biology Please help with question. Thank you in advance. Discuss, compare and contrast the structure of promoters inprokaryotes and eukaryotes.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781337408332Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781337408332
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College