Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 25, Problem 6PP

Practice Problem 25.6

(a) There are approximately 3 billion base pairs in the DNA of a single human cell. Assuming that this DNA exists as a double helix, calculate the length of all the DNA contained in a human cell.

(b) The weight of DNA in a single human cell is 6 × 10 12 g. Assuming that Earth’s population is about 6.5 billion, we can conclude that all of the genetic information that gave rise to all human beings now alive was once contained in the DNA of a corresponding number of fertilized ova. What is the total weight of DNA in this many ova? (The volume that this DNA would occupy is approximately that of a raindrop, yet if the individual molecules were laid end-to-end, they would stretch to the moon and back almost eight times.)

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Which statement best explains the chemical differencesbetween DNA and RNA? (a) DNA has two different sugarsin its sugar–phosphate backbone, but RNA only has one.(b) Thymine is one of the DNA bases, whereas RNA’s correspondingbase is thymine minus a methyl group. (c) TheRNA sugar–phosphate backbone contains fewer oxygenatoms than DNA’s backbone. (d) DNA forms double helicesbut RNA cannot.
The sequence of a short DNA segment is  ATGGCAATAC. (a) What name do we give to the two ends (terminals) of a DNA molecule? (b) In this segment, which end is which? (c) What would be the sequence of the complementary strand?
(a) Why can’t two purine bases (A and G) form a base pair and hydrogen bond to each other on two strands of DNA in the double helix? (b) Why is hydrogen bonding between guanine and cytosine more favorable than hydrogen bonding between guanine and thymine?
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