(a)
Interpretation:
The appropriate curved arrows for each step of a radical chain-reaction mechanism are to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Due to their high reactivity, free radicals have the probability to be both extremely powerful chemical tools and extremely harmful contaminants. In a chain reaction fashion, the more powerful of free radical species has the natural tendency to occur. This reaction has three separate phases 1) initiation, 2) propagation, and 3) termination.
The addition of the propagation steps of a chain-reaction mechanism produces the balanced overall reaction.
(b)
Interpretation:
The steps have to be labeled as initiation or propagation in a radical chain-reaction mechanism.
Concept introduction:
Due to their high reactivity, free radicals have the probability to be both extremely powerful chemical tools and extremely harmful contaminants. In a chain reaction fashion, the more powerful of free radical species has the natural tendency to occur. This reaction has three separate phases 1) initiation, 2) propagation, and 3) termination.
The addition of the propagation steps of a chain-reaction mechanism produces the balanced overall reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
The balanced net reaction has to be proposed for the radical chain-reaction mechanism.
Concept introduction:
Due to their high reactivity, free radicals have the probability to be both extremely powerful chemical tools and extremely harmful contaminants. In a chain reaction fashion, the more powerful of free radical species has the natural tendency to occur. This reaction has three separate phases 1) initiation, 2) propagation, and 3) termination.
The addition of the propagation steps of a chain-reaction mechanism produces the balanced overall reaction.
(d)
Interpretation:
The two plausible termination steps, including curved arrows, have to be proposed for the radical chain-reaction mechanism.
Concept introduction:
Due to their high reactivity, free radicals have the probability to be both extremely powerful chemical tools and extremely harmful contaminants. In a chain reaction fashion, the more powerful of free radical species has the natural tendency to occur. This reaction has three separate phases 1) initiation, 2) propagation, and 3) termination.
The addition of the propagation steps of a chain-reaction mechanism produces the balanced overall reaction.
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Chapter 25 Solutions
ORG CHEM W/ EBOOK & SW5 + STUDY GUIDE
- man Campus Depa (a) Draw the three products (constitutional isomers) obtained when 2-methyl-3-hexene reacts with water and a trace of H2SO4. Hint: one product forms as the result of a 1,2-hydride shift. (1.5 pts) This is the acid-catalyzed alkene hydration reaction.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward. • • Use retrosynthesis to design a synthesis Br OHarrow_forward
- 12. Choose the best diene and dienophile pair that would react the fastest. CN CN CO₂Et -CO₂Et .CO₂Et H3CO CO₂Et A B C D E Farrow_forward(6 pts - 2 pts each part) Although we focused our discussion on hydrogen light emission, all elements have distinctive emission spectra. Sodium (Na) is famous for its spectrum being dominated by two yellow emission lines at 589.0 and 589.6 nm, respectively. These lines result from electrons relaxing to the 3s subshell. a. What is the photon energy (in J) for one of these emission lines? Show your work. b. To what electronic transition in hydrogen is this photon energy closest to? Justify your answer-you shouldn't need to do numerical calculations. c. Consider the 3s subshell energy for Na - use 0 eV as the reference point for n=∞. What is the energy of the subshell that the electron relaxes from? Choose the same emission line that you did for part (a) and show your work.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- (9 Pts) In one of the two Rare Earth element rows of the periodic table, identify an exception to the general ionization energy (IE) trend. For the two elements involved, answer the following questions. Be sure to cite sources for all physical data that you use. a. (2 pts) Identify the two elements and write their electronic configurations. b. (2 pts) Based on their configurations, propose a reason for the IE trend exception. c. (5 pts) Calculate effective nuclear charges for the last electron in each element and the Allred-Rochow electronegativity values for the two elements. Can any of these values explain the IE trend exception? Explain how (not) - include a description of how IE relates to electronegativity.arrow_forwardPlease explain thoroughly and provide steps to draw.arrow_forwardAs you can see in the picture, the instrument uses a Xe source. Given that the instrument is capable of measuring from 200-800nm, if Xe was not used, what other source(s) could be used? Refer to figure 7-3. How many monochrometers does this instrument have? Why? Trace the light as it goes from the Xenon lamp all the way to the circle just slightly to the right and a little bit down from S4. What do you think that circle is? In class we talked about many types of these, which kind do you think this one is for a fluorimeter? Why? Explain. What is/are some strategy(ies) that this instrument has for dealing with noise that you see present in the optics diagram? Why does a fluorescence cuvette have to be clear on four sides?arrow_forward
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