The mechanism for radical halogenation of methane is to be drawn, including the initiation step, propagation steps, and three different termination steps. Concept introduction: Halogen molecules undergo homolysis when irradiated with UV light to produce two radical atoms. Homolysis is the type of bond dissociation where each atom gets one of the bond electrons. The radical is an atom or molecule with an unpaired electron. It is highly unstable, and therefore a highly reactive species. This homolytic dissociation is called initiation. Being reactive, a radical will react with other species present. This produces another radical, which can continue the reaction is a step called propagation. The reaction is generally branched as each initiation step produces two radicals. The propagation steps continue as long as radicals are present, and may be terminated by a reaction between two radicals. The reaction generally results in substitution, often of a hydrogen atom from the hydrocarbon skeleton.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 25.14P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for radical halogenation of methane is to be drawn, including the initiation step, propagation steps, and three different termination steps.

Concept introduction:

Halogen molecules undergo homolysis when irradiated with UV light to produce two radical atoms. Homolysis is the type of bond dissociation where each atom gets one of the bond electrons. The radical is an atom or molecule with an unpaired electron. It is highly unstable, and therefore a highly reactive species. This homolytic dissociation is called initiation.

Being reactive, a radical will react with other species present. This produces another radical, which can continue the reaction is a step called propagation. The reaction is generally branched as each initiation step produces two radicals. The propagation steps continue as long as radicals are present, and may be terminated by a reaction between two radicals.

The reaction generally results in substitution, often of a hydrogen atom from the hydrocarbon skeleton.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Predict the organic products that form in the reaction below: H. H+ + OH H+ Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G X C © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Access +

111 Carbonyl Chem Choosing reagants for a Wittig reaction What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1. PPh3 3 1 2 2. n-BuLi • Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. × ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use

A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more reactants missing from the left-hand side, but there are no products missing from the right-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from the arrow. • Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area. . If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing reactants to the left-hand side, and adding required catalysts, inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow. • You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown. + T X O O лет-ле HO OH HO OH This transformation can't be done in one step.