Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553292
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 23P
Figure P23.23 represents the top view of a cubic gaussian surface in a uniform electric field
Figure P23.23
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Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
SECTION B
Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.]
Question B1
Consider the line element
where w is a constant.
ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx²,
a) Determine the components of the metric and of the inverse metric.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[10 marks]
c)
Write down the geodesic equations.
[5 marks]
d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion.
[4 marks]
e)
Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics.
[4 marks]
Chapter 23 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 23.2 - Suppose a point charge is located at the center of...Ch. 23.3 - If the net flux through a gaussian surface is...Ch. 23 - A negatively charged rod of finite length carries...Ch. 23 - A positively charged disk has a uniform charge per...Ch. 23 - A uniformly charged ring of radius 10.0 cm has a...Ch. 23 - The electric field along the axis of a uniformly...Ch. 23 - Example 23.3 derives the exact expression for the...Ch. 23 - A uniformly charged rod of length L and total...Ch. 23 - A continuous line of charge lies along the x axis,...Ch. 23 - A thin rod of length and uniform charge per unit...
Ch. 23 - (a) Consider a uniformly charged, thin-walled,...Ch. 23 - A vertical electric field of magnitude 2.00 104...Ch. 23 - A flat surface of area 3.20 m2 is rotated in a...Ch. 23 - A nonuniform electric field is given by the...Ch. 23 - An uncharged, nonconducting, hollow sphere of...Ch. 23 - Find the net electric flux through the spherical...Ch. 23 - Four closed surfaces, S1 through S4 together with...Ch. 23 - A charge of 170 C is at the center of a cube of...Ch. 23 - (a) Find the net electric flux through the cube...Ch. 23 - A particle with charge of 12.0 C is placed at the...Ch. 23 - A particle with charge Q = 5.00 C is located at...Ch. 23 - Prob. 20PCh. 23 - Prob. 21PCh. 23 - Find the net electric flux through (a) the closed...Ch. 23 - Figure P23.23 represents the top view of a cubic...Ch. 23 - Determine the magnitude of the electric field at...Ch. 23 - Prob. 25PCh. 23 - Prob. 26PCh. 23 - A large, flat, horizontal sheet of charge has a...Ch. 23 - A nonconducting wall carries charge with a uniform...Ch. 23 - A uniformly charged, straight filament 7.00 m in...Ch. 23 - You are working on a laboratory device that...Ch. 23 - Consider a long, cylindrical charge distribution...Ch. 23 - Assume the magnitude of the electric field on each...Ch. 23 - A solid sphere of radius 40.0 cm has a total...Ch. 23 - A cylindrical shell of radius 7.00 cm and length...Ch. 23 - You are working for the summer at a research...Ch. 23 - You are working for the summer at a research...Ch. 23 - Find the electric flux through the plane surface...Ch. 23 - Prob. 38APCh. 23 - Prob. 39APCh. 23 - Show that the maximum magnitude Emax of the...Ch. 23 - A line of positive charge is formed into a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 42APCh. 23 - A sphere of radius R = 1.00 m surrounds a particle...Ch. 23 - A sphere of radius R surrounds a particle with...Ch. 23 - A slab of insulating material has a nonuniform...Ch. 23 - A sphere of radius 2a is made of a nonconducting...Ch. 23 - Prob. 47CPCh. 23 - Prob. 48CPCh. 23 - Review. A slab of insulating material (infinite in...Ch. 23 - Identical thin rods of length 2a carry equal...Ch. 23 - A solid insulating sphere of radius R has a...
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