Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604657
Author: Charles D. Ghilani
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.8P
To determine

Location and reasons of stakes placed on a pipeline.

The information is typically conveyed to the contractor on stakes for laying a pipeline usually consist of two parts:

  1. By giving the depth of cut or fill normally only to the nearest 0.1ftto enable a rough trench to be excavated.
  2. By providing precise grade to which is near 0.01ftto guide in the actual placement of the pipe invert as its planned elevation.

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