Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604657
Author: Charles D. Ghilani
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P
List 10 uses. for
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
The list of ten uses for surveying in areas other than land surveying.
Explanation of Solution
The uses of surveying in areas other than land surveying are as follows
- Topographic surveys: A topographic survey is used to create maps of any location or areas by determining the elevations of all the natural as well as artificial features.
- Cadastral surveys: A cadastral survey is used to establish the property lines.
- Hydrographic surveys: The hydrographic surveying is also known as underwater surveying used to determine the depth of the water bodies, for determining and updating the nautical data which is used in navigating the oceans, and investigation of the marine environment.
- Astronomical surveys: Astronomical surveying is used to create an image of maps of celestial bodies and for determining the position of stars and planets.
- Aerial surveys: Aerial surveying is used to create the maps or images of any location by using the high-quality cameras fixed at the bottom of airplanes, helicopters or any other aerial bodies.
- Mine surveys: Mine surveying is done to determine the natural resources such as minerals and energy resources below the ground at greater depths.
- Satellite surveys: Satellite surveying is used to determine the position and altitude of any point with the help of satellites revolving around the Earth. For example, the GPS (Global Positioning System).
- Alignment surveys: Alignment surveying is used to create the maps and plans of linear projects. For example, railway, highways, sewer and pipelines and tunneling.
- Remote sensing: Remote sensing is the technique of determining the information of any geographical area by sensing the reflected relations using high-power sensing devices.
- Geographical information systems (GIS): The GIS is a computer system designed to collect, store, manipulate, and analyze the geographic data. This is done to create GIS-based maps. For example, google maps.
Conclusion:
There are many uses of surveying which are listed above.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Question 4
An engineer is assigned to design a 25-stories office building which has a
building height of 75 m. Reinforced concrete shear wall system as shown in
Figure Q1(a) is adopted to resist the lateral loads. The shear wall is of
thickness t = 350 mm and length L = 8.5 m. Use the following data: Young's
modulus of concrete E = 28 kN/mm² and the lateral load intensity w = 1.20
kN/m². Assuming the frontal width of the building façade is 15 m is facing
the wind force which in turn transmitting the wind force
to the shear wall system, estimate the total value of
sway A at the roof level.
Question 5
For the Shear Wall in Question 4, if the total ultimate
gravity load of the building acted on shear wall is 6000
KN, using a partial factor of 1.2 for the wind load,
calculate the stress on the extreme right corner of the
shear wall at first storey level.
(A)
9.46 mm
(B)
189.26 mm
(C)
14.20 mm
(D)
141.95 mm
STOREY
FLOOR LEV
Shear wall
Figure Q1(a)
(A)
3.228 N/sq mm
(B)
14.029 N/sq mm
75 m…
Question 4
An engineer is assigned to design a 25-stories office building which has a
building height of 75 m. Reinforced concrete shear wall system as shown in
Figure Q1(a) is adopted to resist the lateral loads. The shear wall is of
thickness t = 350 mm and length L = 8.5 m. Use the following data: Young's
modulus of concrete E = 28 kN/mm² and the lateral load intensity w = 1.20
kN/m². Assuming the frontal width of the building façade is 15 m is facing
the wind force which in turn transmitting the wind force
to the shear wall system, estimate the total value of
sway A at the roof level.
Question 6
If the similar building in Question 4 is designed using rigid
frame method is to be designed to ensure the sway is within
the allowable limit. If the building width is B, and with the
same building height H=75m. Using a rough estimation
method, calculate the maximum allowable
deflection A at the roof level.
(A)
9.46 mm
(B)
189.26 mm
(C)
14.20 mm
町
141.95 mm
1ST STOREY
FLOOR LEV.
Shear wall…
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Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
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