Chapter 23, Problem 23.80QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Structural formula of the trans isomer has to be given.  The trans isomer has to be named and the condensed structural formula for the major product of reaction with Bromine has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Geometric isomers are the isomers of same compound which differ in the relative positions the atoms occupy in space.  For alkene geometric isomers are possible if the carbon atoms in the end of the double bond are not bonded to same groups or atoms.  Usually trans isomer is more stable than cis isomer as the steric hindrance will be very less.

To Write: The structural formula for trans isomer

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Structural formula of the trans isomer has to be given.  The trans isomer has to be named and the condensed structural formula for the major product of reaction with Bromine has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

If the compound has a unsaturated bond present in it, then the position of the unsaturated bond is mentioned in the IUPAC name itself.

To Write: The structural formula for trans isomer

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Structural formula of the trans isomer has to be given.  The trans isomer has to be named and the condensed structural formula for the major product of reaction with Bromine has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Alkenes undergo addition reaction with unsymmetrical reagent and symmetrical reagent.  The addition reaction takes place across the double bond.  The addition follows Markownikoff’s rule.  When halogen is added to an alkene, the halogen atom adds across the double bond.

Condensed structural formula is representation of the organic compound.  In this the lengthy carbon chain is shown only with the carbon atoms (along with the hydrogen) without any bonds.  The additional branches are shown with explicit bonds.

To Write: The condensed structural formula for the major product obtained when the given alkene is treated with Bromine.