The alcohol present in the given compound has to be classified whether it is primary, secondary or tertiary. Concept Introduction: In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group. This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like. Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid , ketone , aldehyde etc. Functional group determines the nature of the compound. The nitrogen containing linear compounds are classified as amines and amides. Amines are compounds that have nitrogen connected to alkyl or aromatic groups. Amides are compounds that have nitrogen connected to a carbonyl bond. In amine, if the nitrogen is bonded to only one alkyl group, it is known as primary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to two alkyl, or two aromatic groups it is known as secondary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to three alkyl or aromatic groups it is known as tertiary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to a carbonyl group means it is known as amide.

Question

(c) The following data have been obtained for the hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11, to glucose, C6H12O6, and fructose C6H12O6, in acidic solution: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 [sucrose]/mol dm³ t/min 0 0.316 14 0.300 39 0.274 60 0.256 80 0.238 110 0.211 (i) Graphically prove the order of the reaction and determine the rate constant of the reaction. (ii) Determine the half-life, t½ for the hydrolysis of sucrose.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 23, Problem 23.61QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alcohol present in the given compound has to be classified whether it is primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group. This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like. Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc. Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

The nitrogen containing linear compounds are classified as amines and amides. Amines are compounds that have nitrogen connected to alkyl or aromatic groups. Amides are compounds that have nitrogen connected to a carbonyl bond. In amine, if the nitrogen is bonded to only one alkyl group, it is known as primary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to two alkyl, or two aromatic groups it is known as secondary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to three alkyl or aromatic groups it is known as tertiary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to a carbonyl group means it is known as amide.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alcohol present in the given compound has to be classified whether it is primary, secondary or tertiary.

Concept Introduction:

In an organic compound, the reactive portion is known as functional group. This undergoes reactions with other reagents and this does not depend upon how the rest of the compound is like. Few of the common functional groups are alcohol, ester, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde etc. Functional group determines the nature of the compound.

The nitrogen containing linear compounds are classified as amines and amides. Amines are compounds that have nitrogen connected to alkyl or aromatic groups. Amides are compounds that have nitrogen connected to a carbonyl bond. In amine, if the nitrogen is bonded to only one alkyl group, it is known as primary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to two alkyl, or two aromatic groups it is known as secondary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to three alkyl or aromatic groups it is known as tertiary amine. If the nitrogen is bonded to a carbonyl group means it is known as amide.

To Identify: Whether the given compound is a primary, secondary or tertiary amine, or an amide.

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(c) The following data have been obtained for the hydrolysis of sucrose, C12H22O11, to glucose, C6H12O6, and fructose C6H12O6, in acidic solution: C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 [sucrose]/mol dm³ t/min 0 0.316 14 0.300 39 0.274 60 0.256 80 0.238 110 0.211 (i) Graphically prove the order of the reaction and determine the rate constant of the reaction. (ii) Determine the half-life, t½ for the hydrolysis of sucrose.

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