Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.19P
9 The activity of pepsin was measured at various pH values. When the temperature and the concentrations of pepsin and substrate were held constant, the following activities were obtained:
(a) Plot the pH dependence of pepsin activity.
(b) What is the optimal pH?
(c) Predict the activity of pepsin in the blood at pH 7.4.
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Determine the isoelectric point of glutamic acid.(a) Draw the chemical structures of the amino acid in the pH ranges that you will use for the determination of pl.(b) Show all calculations for determining the pl of glutamic acid.
An enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of an ester with a
certain activity, but this activity is lost in a 3 M urea
solution. What is the most likely explanation for the loss
of activity?
(A) Urea binds to the active site of the enzyme
competitively with the substrate.
(B) Urea causes the cleavage of the peptide bonds in the
enzyme.
(C) Urea causes the enzyme to denature and lose its
specific three-dimensional shape.
(D) Urea reacts with disulfide bonds in the enzyme.
(5) Aldrichimica Acta is an example on periodical published by
(a) Chemical and scientific societies
(b) Private companies
(c) universities
(d) Private industries
(6)
---------- includes just the books, articles, and web pages etc that are cited in the text of the documen
(a) Abstract
(b) Bibliography
(c) Annotated bibliography
(d) Reference
Chapter 23 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 23 - What is the difference between a catalyst and an...Ch. 23 - What are ribozymes made of?Ch. 23 - Would a lipase hydrolyze two triglycerides, one...Ch. 23 - Compare the activation energy in uncatalyzed...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.5PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.6PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.7PCh. 23 - Monoamine oxidases are important enzymes in brain...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.9PCh. 23 - 0 What kind of reaction does each of the following...
Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12PCh. 23 - 3 What is the difference between reversible and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.14PCh. 23 - 5 At a very low concentration of a certain...Ch. 23 - 6 If we wish to double the rate of an...Ch. 23 - 7 A bacterial enzyme has the following...Ch. 23 - 8 The optimal temperature for the action of...Ch. 23 - 9 The activity of pepsin was measured at various...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.20PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.23PCh. 23 - 4 What kind of chemical reaction occurs most...Ch. 23 - 5 Which of the following is a correct statement...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.26PCh. 23 - 7 Enzymes are long protein chains, usually...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.28PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29PCh. 23 - 0 Can the product of a reaction that is part of a...Ch. 23 - 1 What is the difference between a zymogen and a...Ch. 23 - 2 The enzyme trypsin is synthesized by the body in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.33PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38PCh. 23 - 9 The enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK) (Chapter...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.40PCh. 23 - 1 After a heart attack, the levels of certain...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.42PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44PCh. 23 - 5 Chemists who have been exposed for years to or...Ch. 23 - 6 Which enzyme preparation is given to patients...Ch. 23 - 7 Chymotrypsm is secreted by the pancreas and...Ch. 23 - 8 Explain why transition-state analogs are potent...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.49PCh. 23 - 0 Explain the relationship between...Ch. 23 - 1 (Chemical Connections 23A) Acetylcholine causes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.52PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55PCh. 23 - 6 (Chemical Connections 23C) What role does Mn2+...Ch. 23 - 7 (Chemical Connections 23C) Which amino acids of...Ch. 23 - 8 (Chemical Connections 23D) What is the strategy...Ch. 23 - 9 (Chemical Connections 23D) Why did scientists...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.60PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62PCh. 23 - 3 (Chemical Connections 23E) What is the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.64PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70PCh. 23 - 1 Food can be preserved by inactivation of enzymes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.72PCh. 23 - 3 Would you expect to find active digestive...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.74PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76PCh. 23 - 7 An enzyme has the following pH dependence: At...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.78PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79PCh. 23 - 0 Nerve gases operate by forming covalent bonds at...Ch. 23 - 1 What would be the appropriate name for an enzyme...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.82PCh. 23 - 3 A liver enzyme is made of four subunits: 2A and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.84PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.89PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.90PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.91P
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- Write the chemical equilibrium and expression for the equilibrium constants for the ionization of (a) tartaric acid. (b) malic acid.arrow_forwardConsider a drug molecule that binds to an enzyme with a Kd of 20.281 nM. If the intracellular concentration of the free drug in a patient is 19.225 nM at equilibrium, what percentage of enzyme molecules are bound to the drug?arrow_forwardClassify the following compounds as endergonic or exergonic : (a) glucose,(b) methylamine, (c) octane, (d) ethanol.arrow_forward
- The enzyme urease catalyzes the breakdown of urea in the body. Urease breaks urea down to 2NH3 + CO2. This is an example of a hydrolysis reaction (urea plus water For each equivalent of carbon dioxide (CO2), two equivalents of ammonia (NH3) are produced. Label the enzyme, substrate, enzyme-substrate complex, enzyme-product complex, and product in the enzymatic reaction for the breakdown of urea by urease using the induced-fit model. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. ► View Available Hint(s) Urease – 2NH3 + CO2 Urea - 2NH3 + CO2 Urease - Urea 2NH3 + CO2 Urease Urea cj Complex Pearson 1. + Complex Reset Helparrow_forwardwrite structural formulas for all the ionic forms of glutamic acid, and calculate its isoelectric ph.arrow_forwardThe AG" of the dephosphorylation of phosphocreatine is -43.0 kJ/mol. Phosphocreatine → creatine +Pi; -43.0kJ/mol When coupled to the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP (+30.5kJ/mol) ADP +Pi → ATP; +30.5 kJ/mol calculate the actual, physiological AG for the following reaction in kJ/mol: Phosphocreatine + ADP creatine + ATP at 37°C, with concentrations as follows: Phosphocreatine = 0.715 mM creatine = 0.566 mM ADP = 0.431 mM ATP = 2.382 mMarrow_forward
- Myoglobin's reversible cycle of binding and releasing oxygen can be expressed as an equilibrium reaction by the following equation: MbO 2 Mb+O 2 . The value for in the myoglogin k_{1} oxygen reaction at 20 deg * C is 1.9 * 107M ^ - 1 * s ^ - 1 and the k_{-1} is 22M ^ - 1 * s ^ - 1 Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant.arrow_forward6) If we represent protein folding with the following equilibrium expression: Unfolded protein z folded protein The values of AH and AS° for the folding of lysozyme protein are -280 kJ/mol and -790 J/mol-K, respectively. a) Based on these values, calculate AG° for the folding process at 25 °C. b) At what temperature would you expect the unfolding process to become unfavorable?arrow_forwardGlycolysis is the process by which glucose is metabolized to lactic acid according to the equation C6H12O6(aq)2C3H6O3(aq) G=198 kJ at pH 7.0 and 25°C Glycolysis is the source of energy in human red blood cells. In these cells, the concentration of glucose is 5.0103 M, while that of lactic acid is 2.9103 M. Calculate AG for glycolysis in human blood cells under these conditions. Use the equation G=G+RT In Q, where Q is the concentration quotient, analogous to K.arrow_forward
- Explain how the pasteurization of milk utilizes one of the factors that influence enzyme activity.arrow_forwardWhat is the general role of enzymes in the human body?arrow_forwardDescribe the difference between graphs showing temperature versus reaction rate for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction.arrow_forward
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