Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22.8, Problem 1MQ
Summary Introduction
Water released from wastewater treatment plant is not safe for human consumption. It can only be released in water bodies. To make water potable, further treatment steps are required which involve sedimentation, coagulation, filtration, and disinfection. All these step help in removal of harmful pathogens, elements from the water and improves its taste and odor.
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a)
Define 'Disinfection' and 'Sterilization' OR differentiate between them.
b)
Enlist the different methods of 'Disinfection' which method would you recommend for 'Municipal Water Supply' and WHY? Depending on the
availability of 'Source of Water which 'Source' is more important than the other for disinfection and WHY? Give reason.
c)
of them is stronger than the other and by what percentage?
Define or differentiate between “Free Available Chlorine" and “Combined Available Chlorine". Write their Chemical Formulae and mention which one
d)
Define “Break Point Chlorination". With the help of a neat Figure' show the "Break Point" and also show "Combined Available Chlorine", "Free
Available Chlorine" and "Total Available Chlorine". Mention the “Dosage" in order to obtain a “Free Available Chlorine Residual" of about 0.5 mg/l or
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e)
Define the term “Chlorine Demand" of water. What are the "Factors" OR enlist the "Factors" that show the "Effectiveness of
Chlorine".
What general procedures are used to reduce microbial numbers(microbial load) in water supplies?
Can you describe a situation where high-level disinfection
would be needed? Medium-level? Low-level?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 22.1 - What is required to oxidize CuS under anaerobic...Ch. 22.1 - What key role does Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans...Ch. 22.1 - QWhich crucial step in the oxidation of copper...Ch. 22.2 - In what oxidation state is iron in the mineral...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.2 - QWhich Bacteria and Archaea play a major role in...Ch. 22.3 - Which reaction, oxidation or reduction, is key to...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.4 - Why do petroleum-degrading bacteria need to attach...
Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.5 - What is reductive dechlorination and how does it...Ch. 22.5 - What main advantage do microbial plastics have...Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.6 - Other than treated water, what are the final...Ch. 22.6 - QTrace the treatment of wastewater in a typical...Ch. 22.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.7 - Why is the incomplete oxidation of ammonia useful...Ch. 22.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 22.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.8 - What general procedures are used to reduce...Ch. 22.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 22.8 - QIdentify (stepwise) the process of purifying...Ch. 22.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.9 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 22.10 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.11 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.11 - Why is accelerated microbial corrosion of iron...Ch. 22.11 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 22.12 - Prior to better regulatory control of metal...Ch. 22.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 22 - Acid mine drainage is in part a chemical process...Ch. 22 - Why is reduction of BOD in wastewater a primary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3AQ
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- What is the primary function of the aeration step in water treatment?arrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of degerming? Does it completely eliminate microbes? What are some factors that alter the effectiveness of a disinfectant?arrow_forwardWhich statement among A-C is not applicable to flocculation, or floc formation, during wastewater treatment? A) O Filamentous bacteria enhance floc formation. B) O Flocculation is important for the production of a clear effluent stream of wastewater. O O Flocculation decreases the amount of BOD entering the effluent stream of wastewater. D) OA-C are all applicable.arrow_forward
- Water contaminants fall into two general categories, chemical and biological. Describe each category. What are disinfecting by-products (DBPs)? How are people exposed? What are the toxic effects? Which of the emerging public health issues related to water do you believe will have the most impact on the future of safe drinking water?arrow_forwardThe following is not an indication of a very low BOD except? A The water is healthy thus, water quality is high. B) Contamination is present. c) The available microorganisms are uninterested in consuming the available organics. The available microorganisms are dead or dying.arrow_forwardWhat are the sanitary classification of water?arrow_forward
- Coliforms are commonly used as an indicator of drinking water quality. As we discussed, in March and April of 1993 there was a major outbreak of gastrointestinal illness in Milwaukee, Wisconsin caused by contamination in the public drinking water supply. As summarized by MacKenzie et al.1, “throughout the period from February to April 1993, samples of treated water from both (water treatment) plants were negative for coliforms and were within the limits set by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for water quality.” Why, in this case, did coliforms remain at acceptable levels despite water contamination that resulted in over 400,000 cases of gastrointestinal illness?arrow_forwardWhat are the pros of the Clean Water Rule?arrow_forwardWhat things actually make water become contaminated?arrow_forward
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