Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 6TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The portion of body of the animal where the gas exchange occurs with the environment is known as a respiratory surface. The respiratory surface has to be moist for proper diffusion, should large enough to intake sufficient oxygen and thin layered for faster gas exchange.
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which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?
a. passive transport using a carrier proteins
b. active transport using energy
c. conversion to carbon dioxide
d. diffusion down a concentration gradient
What term best describes the exchnage of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the interface between the systemic cappillaries and the peripheral tissues?
A. Ventilation
B. Cellular respiration
C. Internal respiration
D. External respiration
The alveoli of mammalian lungs do not contain 20.9% O2 (that is, the percentage of O2 in atmospheric dry air) because
A.
there is dead space in the trachea and bronchial tree and the air in the lungs is humidified.
B.
mammals do not normally ventilate the lungs at a high enough rate.
C.
the trachea and bronchi are too small in volume to contain this amount of O2.
D.
mammal lungs have too many alveoli to ventilate.
E.
some O2 has been exchanged with the blood before reaching the alveoli.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 22 - Complete the following concept map to review some...Ch. 22 - Label the parts of the human respiratory system.Ch. 22 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 22 - Countercurrent gas exchange in the gills of a fish...Ch. 22 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 22 - What are two advantages of breathing air, compared...
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- Cases of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning occur when someone builds a charcoal fire in an enclosed area. Assuming help arrives in time, what would be the most effective treatment: placing the victim outdoors in fresh air or administering pure oxygen? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a true statement? A. The concentration of oxygen in water is greater than that in air. B. In animals with gills, ventilation helps to reduce the thickness of the boundary layer. C. Countercurrent flow at the gas-exchange surface results in the diffusion gradient across surface. D. Mammalian lungs requires the diaphragm because the lungs are relatively stiff and filled with parabronchi.arrow_forwardWhich Of the followings are TRUE? Select one: O a. Cellular respiration - Gas exchange between blood and tissue cells b. Pulmonary ventilation – Conducting zone O c. Respiratory zones Site of gas exchange O d. Internal respiration - CO2 is used by the cells O e. External respiration - Continuous replacement of gases in alveoli One of the following are not correct ?arrow_forward
- For each of the following structures, describe in detail how the structure allows for its function. A. Turbinates B. Larynx C. Trachea D. Bronchi E. Bronchioles F. Pleura G. Diaphragm H. Glottis I. Respiratory Surfaces (provide one example)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is considered the structural and basic functional unit of the lung that is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration? a. Bronchioles b. Lungs c. Bronchus d. Alveoliarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a way that carbon dioxide exits the body? * A. carbon dioxide travels down the concentration gradient and is able to diffuse from the tissues directly out of the body through its pores. B. carbon dioxide dissolves directly into the blood plasma to be carried to the lungs where it will be exhaled. C. Carbon dioxide binds with hemoglobin as red blood cell pass through tissues and is released as the blood cells reached the lungs. D. carbon dioxide converts into bicarbonate ions in the blood as it diffuses from the tissues and converts back to carbon dioxide as it reaches the lungs to be exhaled PLS ANSWWER ASP THANK YOUU SO MUCHarrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the gas exchange that occurs in the lungs? A. carbon dioxide diffuses into the capillaries from the alveoli B. oxygen diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli C. carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli D. oxygen diffuse into the alveoli from the capillariesarrow_forwardThere are advantages and disadvantages to using wateror air as the respiratory medium from which an animal takesin oxygen. Which statement below is false?a. Aquatic animals do not have to worry about keepingtheir respiratory surfaces moist.b. Air has a higher concentration of oxygen than waterand varies mostly with altitude only.c. Air has a constant concentration of 21 percent andwater has a constant concentration of 6 percent.d. For terrestrial animals, air is easier to move overrespiratory surfaces because it is less dense than water.arrow_forwardWhich of the following transport processes move oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar Type I cell? A. Primary active transport OB. Secondary active transport OC. Convection D. Diffusion OE. Facilitated diffusionarrow_forward
- Which is/are part of the respiratory membrane? a. Plasma membrane of red blood cells b. Type 1 alveolar cells c. Alveolar macrophages d. The shared, or fused, basement membrane of the endothelial cells and the Type 1 alveolar cells e. Capillary endothelial cellsarrow_forwardBy what means are the lungs are attached to the walls of the thorax ? a. Panetal pleural membrane b. Visceral pleural membrane c. Diaphragm d. Mesenteryarrow_forwardThe time it takes for blood to pass through the capillaries of a pulmonary alveolus typically is less than 0.3 seconds. During this time, what will occur? Select one: a. The blood plasma will be cleansed of its entire CO2 content and will be saturated with O2. b. An enzyme will catalyze the conversion of oxyhemoglobin to carboaminohemoglobin. c. Blood will pick up CO2 and O2 will be released to the alveolus. d. Blood will pick up O2 and CO2 will be released to the alveolus.I think this is C or D tell me the answer and whyarrow_forward
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