Chapter 22, Problem 1CC

Complete the following concept map to review some of the concepts of gas exchange.

Summary Introduction

To complete: The given map to review some of the concepts of gas exchange.

Introduction:

The respiratory system is a biological system that ensures the transport of air by the process of inhalation and exhalation, that is, in and out the body with the help of the lungs.

Answer to Problem 1CC

Fig.1 shows the completed map to review some of the concepts of gas exchange.

Pictorial representation: Some of the concepts related to gas exchange are presented in the concept map given in Fig.1.

Fig.1: Concepts of gas exchange.

Explanation of Solution

a.

Correct answer: Respiratory surface.

For gas exchange to occur, the respiratory surface should be thin and moist. Hence, the correct answer is the respiratory surface.

b.

Correct answer: Circulatory system.

Gas exchange relies on the circulatory system as the exchanged oxygen and carbon dioxide travel in the blood to the heart and different body cells. Hence, the correct answer is the circulatory system.

c.

Correct answer: Lungs

It is the main organ for the exchange of gases consisting of air sacs that carry out gaseous exchange and the blood carries the exchanged gas to the tissue cells. Hence, the correct answer is the lungs.

d.

Correct answer: Hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin is a blood pigment present inside the red blood cell, which helps in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by binding with it and also maintains the pH of the blood. Hence, the correct answer is hemoglobin.

e.

Correct answer: Cellular respiration.

In cellular respiration, oxygen is used to convert glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP. Hence, the correct answer is cellular respiration.

f.

Correct answer: Negative pressure breathing.

This type of breathing is regulated by the “breathing control center of the brain”. In negative pressure breathing, the air pressure inside the lungs drops during the contraction of the diaphragm, and the lower portion of the chest cavity rises; this allows the movement of air from outside to inside. Hence, the correct answer is negative pressure breathing.

g.

Correct answer: Oxygen.

Hemoglobin pigment in the blood binds with the oxygen present in the lungs, and this oxygen is utilized to form energy. Hence, the correct answer is oxygen.