For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn. Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH . The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid , the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom. To determine: The structural formula of 3-methylpentanoic acid.
For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn. Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH . The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid , the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom. To determine: The structural formula of 3-methylpentanoic acid.
Solution Summary: The author explains that carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH.
Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.
Chapter 22, Problem 64E
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH. The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid, the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom.
To determine: The structural formula of 3-methylpentanoic acid.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH. The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid, the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom.
To determine: The structural formula of Ethylmethanoate.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH. The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid, the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom.
To determine: The structural formula of Methylbenzoate.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: For each of the following structural formulas is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are organic compounds having a general formula of RCOOH. The R is a side group and COOH is a carboxyl group. Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids. Both contain a carbonyl group with a second oxygen atom bonded to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group by a single bond. In a carboxylic acid, the second oxygen atom also bonded to a hydrogen atom but in an ester, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon atom.
To determine: The structural formula of 3-chloro-2,4-dimethylhexanoicacid.
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Solution
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Use retrosynthetic analysis to suggest two paths to synthesize 2-methyl-3-hexanol using the Grignard reaction. (Click and drag
the appropriate image to the correct position in the reactions.)
Route 1
Aldehyde 1
or
+98
Aldehyde 2
Route 2
Q6
+100
Solved in 1 attempt
Q7
+95
Solved in 2 attempts
Q8
+98
Unlimited attempts
possible
+
+
Grignard 1
OH
H3O+
Grignard 2
Answer Bank
Q9
+90
MgBr
Unlimited attempts
possible
CH3CH2CH2MgBr
Q10
Unlimited attempts
Q11
?
?
+100
in 1 attempt
2-methyl-3-hexanol
CH3CH2MgBr
H
H
о
H
Attempt 3
2) (4 pt) After the reaction was completed, the student collected the following data. Crude
product data is the data collected after the reaction is finished, but before the product
is purified. "Pure" product data is the data collected after attempted purification using
recrystallization.
Student B's data:
Crude product data
"Pure"
product data
after
recrystallization
Crude mass: 0.93 g grey solid
Crude mp: 96-106 °C
Crude % yield:
Pure mass: 0.39 g white solid
Pure mp: 111-113 °C
Pure % yield:
a) Calculate the crude and pure percent yields for the student's reaction.
b) Summarize what is indicated by the crude and pure melting points.
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