The compound where H B r is easily removed in a basic solution has to be identified. Concept introduction: Catalyst: Substance which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction without getting consumed in the reaction. Base Catalyst: A catalyst which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the removal of a proton. There are two types of catalysis: 1. Specific-base catalysis: Proton is completely removed before the slow step in a reaction 2. General- base catalysis: Proton is completely removed during the slow step in a reaction Intramolecular catalysis: A catalysis where catalyst is a part of the molecule that undergoes the reaction promotes the reaction in a species. Intramolecular general-base catalysis: A catalysis where catalyst is a part of the molecule that undergoes the reaction promotes the reaction in a species by completely removing a proton during the slow step in a reaction

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Chapter 22, Problem 29P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound where HBr is easily removed in a basic solution has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Catalyst: Substance which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction without getting consumed in the reaction.

Base Catalyst: A catalyst which helps in increasing the rate of a particular reaction by the removal of a proton. There are two types of catalysis:

1. Specific-base catalysis: Proton is completely removed before the slow step in a reaction

2. General- base catalysis: Proton is completely removed during the slow step in a reaction

Intramolecular catalysis: A catalysis where catalyst is a part of the molecule that undergoes the reaction promotes the reaction in a species.

Intramolecular general-base catalysis: A catalysis where catalyst is a part of the molecule that undergoes the reaction promotes the reaction in a species by completely removing a proton during the slow step in a reaction

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The acid-base indicator HX undergoes the following reaction in a dilute aqueous solution: HX (color 1) H+ + X- (color 2). The following absorbance data were obtained for a 0.00035 M solution of HX in 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCI. Measurements were made at wavelengths of 450 nm and 620 nm using a 1.0 cm glass cuvette. 450 620 A(460 nm) A(630 nm) 0.1 M NaOH 0.1 M HCI 0.065 0.435 0.895 0.150 In the 0.1M NaOH solution, the indicator will be almost 100% in the X- form, while in 0.1M HCI, the indicator will be nearly 100% protonated (HX). Calculate the acid dissociation constant for the indicator if a pH=5 buffer solution containing a very small amount of indicator exhibits an absorbance of 0.567 at 450 nm and 0.395 at 620 nm (measured in a 1 cm glass cuvette).