Bundle: Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, 11th + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305705159
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22.21P
22-21 Explain why an amino acid cannot exist in an un-ionized form at any pH.
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Hi!!
Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required.
Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!
. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. < cleavage
Bond A
• CH3 + 26. t cleavage
2°C• +3°C•
Bond C
Cleavage
CH3 ZC
'2°C. 26.
E
Strongest
3°C. 2C.
Gund
Largest
BDE
weakest bond
In that molecule
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
Weakest
C bond
Produces
A
Weakest
Bond
Most
Strongest
Bond
Stable radical
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
人
8°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
methyl radical
•CH3
formed in
bund A Cleavage
Which carbocation is more stable?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Bundle: Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, 11th + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 22.4 - Problem 22-1 Show how to form the dipeptide...Ch. 22.10 - Problem 22-2 What is the oxidation number (the...Ch. 22.10 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22.11 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22 - 22-5 What are the functions of (a) ovalbumin and...Ch. 22 - 22-6 The members of which class of proteins are...Ch. 22 - 22-7 What is the function of an immunoglobulin?Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22 - 22-9 What is the difference in structure between...Ch. 22 - 22-10 Classify the following amino acids as...
Ch. 22 - 22-11 Which amino acid has the highest percentage...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22 - 22-16 Which amino acids in Table 22-1 have more...Ch. 22 - 22-17 What are the similarities and differences in...Ch. 22 - 22-18 Draw the structures of L- and D-valine.Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.19PCh. 22 - 22-20 Show how alanine, in solution at its...Ch. 22 - 22-21 Explain why an amino acid cannot exist in an...Ch. 22 - 22-22 Draw the structure of valine at pH 1 and at...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.23PCh. 22 - 22-24 Draw the most predominant form of histidine...Ch. 22 - 22-25 Draw the most predominant form of lysine at...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.26PCh. 22 - 22-27 Show by chemical equations how alanine and...Ch. 22 - 22-28 A tetrapeptide is abbreviated as DPKH. Which...Ch. 22 - 22-29 Draw the structure of a tripeptide made of...Ch. 22 - 22-30 (a) Use the three-letter abbreviations to...Ch. 22 - 22-31 A polypeptide chain is made of alternating...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.32PCh. 22 - 22-33 Which of the three functional groups on...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.34PCh. 22 - 22-35 Why is histidine considered a basic amino...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.36PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37PCh. 22 - 22-38 Why does proline not absorb light at 280 nm?Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.39PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41PCh. 22 - 22-42 (a) How many atoms of the peptide bond lie...Ch. 22 - 22-43 (a) Draw the structural formula of the...Ch. 22 - 22-44 How can a protein act as a buffer?Ch. 22 - 22-45 Proteins are least soluble at their...Ch. 22 - 22-46 How many different tripeptides can be made...Ch. 22 - 22-47 How many different tetrapeptides can be made...Ch. 22 - 22-48 How many amino acid residues in the A chain...Ch. 22 - 22-49 Based on your knowledge of the chemical...Ch. 22 - 22-50 Is a random coil a (a) primary, (b)...Ch. 22 - 22-51 Decide whether the following structures that...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.52PCh. 22 - 22-53 Do iron and zinc ions play role in protein...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.54PCh. 22 - 22-55 Consider the coordination compound Fe(CO)5...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.56PCh. 22 - 22-57 Consider the coordination compound...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.58PCh. 22 - 22-59 What is the effect of salt bridges on the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.60PCh. 22 - 22-61 Polyglutamic acid (a polypeptide chain made...Ch. 22 - 22-62 Distinguish between intermolecular and...Ch. 22 - 22-63 Identify the primary, secondary, and...Ch. 22 - 22-64 If both cysteine residues on the B chain of...Ch. 22 - 22-65 (a) What is the difference in the quaternary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.66PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.69PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.70PCh. 22 - 22-71 Which amino acid side chain is most...Ch. 22 - 22-72 What does the reducing agent do in...Ch. 22 - 22-73 Silver nitrate is sometimes put into the...Ch. 22 - 22-74 Why do nurses and physicians use 70% alcohol...Ch. 22 - 22-75 (Chemical Connections 22A) Why must some...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.76PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.77PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.78PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81PCh. 22 - 22-82 (Chemical Connections 22H) How does the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.83PCh. 22 - 22-84 How many different dipeptides can be made...Ch. 22 - 22-85 Denaturation is usually associated with...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.86PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.87PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.88PCh. 22 - 22-89 What kind of noncovalent interaction occurs...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.90PCh. 22 - 22-91 Which amino acid does not rotate the plane...Ch. 22 - 22-92 Write the expected products of the acid...Ch. 22 - 22-93 What charges are on aspartic acid at pH 2.0?Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.94PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.95PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.96PCh. 22 - 22-97 Gelatin is derived from collagen by...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.98PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.99PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.100PCh. 22 - 22-101 Using what you know about protein...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.102PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.103PCh. 22 - 22-104 Why is collagen not a very good source of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.105P
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