Chapter 22, Problem 22.18P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The curved arrow mehcanism for the given reaction is to be stated. The reason as to why two equivalents of $\text{NaOH}$ used in mechanism is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which nucleophile attacks the electrophilic center and eliminates another group. These reactions depend upon the nucleophilicity and concentration of the nucleophile.

The ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction is a nucleophilic substitution bimolecular single step reaction in which the addition of nucleophile and removal of leaving group takes place simultaneously.

The ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}1$ reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the substitution of nucleophile takes place. This reaction takes place in two steps.