EBK MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING & TECHNOL
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220100793431
Author: KALPAKJIAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 1RQ
What are the major properties required of cutting-tool materials? Why?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
What are the major properties required of cutting-tool materials? Why?
Explanation of Solution
A cutting-tool material should have the below attributes:-
Hot hardness
Wear resistance coupled with hardness and strength of the tool stay intact at the temperatures experienced in machining operations. This property is responsible for making sure that the tool would not go through any plastic deformation. That is how it retains its sharpness and forms both.
Toughness and strength of impact
In interfered cutting tasks or forces like milling, and then turning a splined shaft on a lathe, the forces of impact on the tools is experienced time and again. This is because of vibration and chatter amid machining. But this neither chip nor break the tool.
Thermal shock resistance
To bear the fast temperature cycling, as experienced in interfered cutting.
Wear resistance
With the goal that a long-enough tool life is acquired before substituting becomes inevitable.
Chemical stability and inactiveness
Concerning the workpiece material, to evade or limit any unfavorable reactions, adhesion, and tool–chip diffusion which may fasten the wear of the tool.
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Required information
Air at 25°C (cp=1006 J/kg.K) is to be heated to 58°C by hot oil at 80°C (cp = 2150 J/kg.K) in a cross-flow heat exchanger
with air mixed and oil unmixed. The product of heat transfer surface area and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 750
W/K and the mass flow rate of air is twice that of oil.
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this part.
Air
Oil
80°C
Determine the effectiveness of the heat exchanger.
In an industrial facility, a counter-flow double-pipe heat exchanger uses superheated steam at a temperature of 155°C to
heat feed water at 30°C. The superheated steam experiences a temperature drop of 70°C as it exits the heat exchanger.
The water to be heated flows through the heat exchanger tube of negligible thickness at a constant rate of 3.47 kg/s. The
convective heat transfer coefficient on the superheated steam and water side is 850 W/m²K and 1250 W/m²K,
respectively. To account for the fouling due to chemical impurities that might be present in the feed water, assume
a fouling factor of 0.00015 m²-K/W for the water side.
The specific heat of water is determined at an average temperature of (30 +70)°C/2 = 50°C and is taken to be
J/kg.K.
Cp=
4181
Water
Steam
What would be the required heat exchanger area in case of parallel-flow arrangement?
The required heat exchanger area in case of parallel-flow arrangement is
1m².
A single-pass crossflow heat exchanger is used to cool jacket water (cp = 1.0 Btu/lbm.°F) of a diesel engine from 190°F to 140°F, using
air (Cp = 0.245 Btu/lbm.°F) at inlet temperature of 90°F. Both air flow and water flow are unmixed. If the water and air mass flow rates
are 85500 lbm/h and 400,000 lbm/h, respectively, determine the log mean temperature difference for this heat exchanger. Assume
the correction factor F to be 0.92.
Air flow
(unmixed)
Water flow
(unmixed)
The log mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger is
°F.
Chapter 22 Solutions
EBK MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING & TECHNOL
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