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To review:
On the basis of the given data, we are required to show the patterns of the hydrocarbons which are consistent with reinforcement.
Given:
The graph given below shows the hydrocarbon concentration in the cuticle of allopatric and sympatric species of three species of Drosophila.
Introduction:
A study was conducted on the east coast of Australia, where two species of Drosophila, D. serrata and D. birchii, coexist and breed to produce hybrids. The hydrocarbon concentration in the allopatric and sympatric species was estimated to see the differences in them. The reinforcement mechanism was assumed to be the reason for such differences in the species.
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Explanation of Solution
Reinforcement theory for
After studying the data given, the hydrocarbon 2 show a pattern, which is consistent with reinforcement. For reinforcement to be consistent, one needs to check the difference between the sympatric population and the other species, which should be greater than the difference between the allopatric populations and other species.
In case a barrier in gene flow is established, the reproduction isolation will begin by genetic divergence. Due to this, there are differences accumulated in the lineages. This reduces the probability of individuals mating with each other successfully, whenever they come into contact.
In case this isolation fails when the species come into contact, then some hybridization is bound to occur. The selection of the species will favor the parents. Due to this, the selection will result in the reinforcement of the mechanisms that prevent hybridization.
Therefore, it can be concluded that hydrocarbon 2 shows the correct pattern of reinforcement.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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