Chapter 21, Problem 67E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula for propanal and propanone is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The structural formula is a simplified model that represents the arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule.

In the IUPAC name of an un-substituted organic compound, the prefix represents the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain and the suffix represents the functional group. Aldehyde and ketone are carbonyl compounds. The suffix for an aldehyde is ‘al’. The general format to name an un-substituted aldehyde is as follows:

$\text{Alkane prefix}+-\text{al}$

When ‘ane’ and ‘al’ come together, the ‘e’ from ‘ane’ is cancelled out.

The generic structure for an aldehyde is as follows:

Here, $\text{R}$ represent the alkyl group.

The suffix for a ketone is ‘one’. The generic structure for a ketone is as follows:

In a ketone, both $\text{R}$ groups may be the same or different.

The general format to name an un-substituted ketone is as follows:

$\text{Alkane prefix}+-\text{one}$

When ‘ane’ and ‘one’ come together, the ‘e’ from ‘ane’ is canceled out.