Chapter 21, Problem 79E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equation for the reaction between propanoic acid and ammonia is to be written. The product formed in this reaction and its functional group is to be named.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid reacts with the amine to form an amide. In this reaction, a water molecule is lost. The general formula of the amide is as follows:

Here, R represents an alkyl group.

The steps to write the IUPAC name of an amide are as follows:

Step 1: Identify the parent chain. The alkyl group from the parent acid represents the parent chain.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms. Since the parent chain is derived from carboxylic acid, therefore; the name of the parent acid is alkanoic acid.

Step 3: In the case of simple amides, the alkyl group from the parent acid represents the parent chain. Drop the letters $\text{-oic acid}$ and add $\text{-amide}$ as a suffix at the end of parent acid.

The format to name a simple amide is as follows:

$\text{Common acid prefix/Alkane prefix}+\text{amide}$