Chapter 21, Problem 43PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The target molecule should be drawn for the given statements by using its molecular structure.

Concept introduction:

The structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.

IUPAC Nomenclature Method

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkane, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid etc...

For alkynes molecules, suffix will be ‘yne’.

For example alkane molecule, suffix will be ‘ane’, compound presence of carbonyl group ‘one’ and presence of alcohol group suffix will be ‘ol’

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

1. 1. Chiral center:  Chiral molecules contain at least one carbon atom with four non-identical substitutions (or) groups this type of molecule is called a chiral center.
2. 2. Constitutional Isomers: The compounds that have the same molecular formula but different in their chemical structures.