Chapter 21, Problem 21.6P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is sec-butyl ethyl ketone.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

The given name suggests that sec-butyl and ethyl groups are bonded to $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

Thus, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 1

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is methyl vinyl ketone.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

The given name suggests that methyl and vinyl groups are bonded to $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond.

Thus, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 2

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond. However, some exceptions of this convention are acetone, acetophenone, and benzophenone.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is p-ethylacetophenone.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of alkyl group that common name suggests. The second step is connecting these groups with $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond. However, some exceptions of this convention are acetone, acetophenone, and benzophenone.

The given name suggests the presence of acetophenone, whose structure is,

Figure 3

Since the ethyl group is present at para position, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 4

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 4.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a cyclic ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of substituents bonded to it. The second step is connecting these groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is $3$-benzoyl-$2$-benzylcyclopentanone.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a cyclic ketone from its common name. The first step is identification of substituents bonded to it. The second step is connecting these groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

The given name suggests the presence of cyclic ring containing five carbon atoms, on which $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond is present at $\text{C1}$, benzyl group is present at $\text{C2}$, and benzoyl group is present at $\text{C3}$.

Thus, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 5

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 5.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a cyclic enone from its common name. The first step is identification of substituents bonded to it and position of double bond. The second step is connecting the groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is $6,6$-dimethylcyclohex-$2$-enone.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of a cyclic enone from its common name. The first step is identification of substituents bonded to it and position of double bond. The second step is connecting the groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

The given name suggests the presence of cyclic ring containing six carbon atoms, on which $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond is present at $\text{C1}$, two methyl groups are present at $\text{C6}$, and $\text{C}=\text{C}$ bond is present between $\text{C2}\text{and}\text{C3}$.

Thus, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 6

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: The structure corresponding to the given name is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of an enal (compound containing both aldehyde and a $\text{C}-\text{C}$ double bond) from its common name. The first step is identification of longest chain and substituents bonded to it along with the position of double bond. The second step is connecting the groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

Answer to Problem 21.6P

The structure corresponding to the given name is,

Explanation of Solution

The given name is $3$-ethylhex-$5$-enal.

One should follow the given two steps to derive the corresponding structure of an enal (compound containing both aldehyde and a $\text{C}-\text{C}$ double bond) from its common name. The first step is identification of longest chain and substituents bonded to it along with the position of double bond. The second step is connecting the groups at appropriate positions, by placing the carbon of $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond at $\text{C1}$.

The given name suggests the presence of longest chain containing six carbon atoms, on which $\text{C}=\text{O}$ bond is present at $\text{C1}$, ethyl group is present at $\text{C3}$, and $\text{C}=\text{C}$ bond is present between $\text{C5}\text{and}\text{C6}$.

Thus, the structure corresponding to the given name is,

Figure 7

Conclusion

The structure corresponding to the given name is drawn in Figure 7.