Chapter 21, Problem 21.39AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structures of the products that would on the saponification of glyceryl trioleate with excess aqueous $\text{NaOH}$ are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The reaction of an ester with a strong base is called saponification reaction. In saponification reaction, the ester bond breaks and results into two products: the salt of carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Lipid and Fat have ester linkages which can undergo saponification reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product that would from when glyceryl trioleate undergoes catalytic hydrogenation reaction is to be predicted. The way in which the physical properties of the corresponding product differ from that of glyceryl trioleate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The addition of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ in presence of a catalyst is known as catalytic hydrogenation reaction. This is a syn addition. The alkene is reduced to an alkane. In this reaction, the weak $\pi$ bond of alkene and sigma bond between ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ is broken and two $\text{C}-\text{H}$ bonds are formed.