Concept explainers
DCF, accrual accounting
- 1. Calculate
net present value . - 2. Calculate
internal rate of return . - 3. Calculate accrual accounting rate of return based on net initial investment.
- 4. Calculate accrual accounting rate of return based on average investment.
- 5. You have the authority to make the purchase decision. Why might you be reluctant to base your decision on the DCF methods?
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Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis (16th Edition)
- Gina Ripley, president of Dearing Company, is considering the purchase of a computer-aided manufacturing system. The annual net cash benefits and savings associated with the system are described as follows: The system will cost 9,000,000 and last 10 years. The companys cost of capital is 12 percent. Required: 1. Calculate the payback period for the system. Assume that the company has a policy of only accepting projects with a payback of five years or less. Would the system be acquired? 2. Calculate the NPV and IRR for the project. Should the system be purchasedeven if it does not meet the payback criterion? 3. The project manager reviewed the projected cash flows and pointed out that two items had been missed. First, the system would have a salvage value, net of any tax effects, of 1,000,000 at the end of 10 years. Second, the increased quality and delivery performance would allow the company to increase its market share by 20 percent. This would produce an additional annual net benefit of 300,000. Recalculate the payback period, NPV, and IRR given this new information. (For the IRR computation, initially ignore salvage value.) Does the decision change? Suppose that the salvage value is only half what is projected. Does this make a difference in the outcome? Does salvage value have any real bearing on the companys decision?arrow_forwardCaduceus Company is considering the purchase of a new piece of factory equipment that will cost $565,000 and will generate $135,000 per year for 5 years. Calculate the IRR for this piece of equipment. For further instructions on internal rate of return In Excel, see Appendix C.arrow_forwardCovington Pharmacies has decided to automate its insurance claims process. Two networked computer systems are being considered. The systems have an expected life of two years. The net cash flows associated with the systems are as follows. The cash benefits represent the savings created by switching from a manual to an automated system. The companys cost of capital is 10 percent. Required: 1. Compute the NPV and the IRR for each investment. 2. Show that the project with the larger NPV is the correct choice for the company.arrow_forward
- Friedman Company is considering installing a new IT system. The cost of the new system is estimated to be 2,250,000, but it would produce after-tax savings of 450,000 per year in labor costs. The estimated life of the new system is 10 years, with no salvage value expected. Intrigued by the possibility of saving 450,000 per year and having a more reliable information system, the president of Friedman has asked for an analysis of the projects economic viability. All capital projects are required to earn at least the firms cost of capital, which is 12 percent. Required: 1. Calculate the projects internal rate of return. Should the company acquire the new IT system? 2. Suppose that savings are less than claimed. Calculate the minimum annual cash savings that must be realized for the project to earn a rate equal to the firms cost of capital. Comment on the safety margin that exists, if any. 3. Suppose that the life of the IT system is overestimated by two years. Repeat Requirements 1 and 2 under this assumption. Comment on the usefulness of this information.arrow_forwardLaverty Clinic plans to purchase a new centrifuge machine for its New York facility. The machinecosts $94,000 and is expected to have a useful life of 6 years, with a terminal disposal value of $9,000.Savings in cash operating costs are expected to be $24,900 per year. However, additional working capitalis needed to keep the machine running efficiently. The working capital must continually be replaced, so aninvestment of $4,000 needs to be maintained at all times, but this investment is fully recoverable (will be“cashed in”) at the end of the useful life. Laverty Clinic’s required rate of return is 12%. Ignore income taxesin your analysis. Assume all cash flows occur at year-end except for initial investment amounts. LavertyClinic uses straight-line depreciation for its machines. Q. Calculate accrual accounting rate of return based on average investment.arrow_forwardLaverty Clinic plans to purchase a new centrifuge machine for its New York facility. The machinecosts $94,000 and is expected to have a useful life of 6 years, with a terminal disposal value of $9,000.Savings in cash operating costs are expected to be $24,900 per year. However, additional working capitalis needed to keep the machine running efficiently. The working capital must continually be replaced, so aninvestment of $4,000 needs to be maintained at all times, but this investment is fully recoverable (will be“cashed in”) at the end of the useful life. Laverty Clinic’s required rate of return is 12%. Ignore income taxesin your analysis. Assume all cash flows occur at year-end except for initial investment amounts. LavertyClinic uses straight-line depreciation for its machines. Q. Calculate net present value.arrow_forward
- Interstate Manufacturing is considering either replacing one of its old machines with a new machine or having the old machine overhauled. Information about the two alternatives follows. Management requires a 10% rate of return on its investments.arrow_forwardXZY Inc. plans to purchase a new machine. The machine costs $200,500 and is expected to have a useful life of 8 years, with a residual value of $37,500. Savings in cash operating costs are expected to be $50,000 per year. However, additional working capital of $10,000 is needed to keep the machine running efficiently. This working capital will be released at the end of the project. XZY Inc.'s required rate of return is 14%. Required: a) What is the project's payback? If XZY Inc. has a policy of only accepting projects that payback within 3 years, would this project be accepted? b) Calculate the net present value of this project and make a recommendation to XZY Inc. as to whether they should purchase the machine.arrow_forwardA hospital wants to buy a new MRI machine for $45,000. The annual revenue from the machine is estimated at $18,000 per year while maintenance costs per year are calculated to be $ 6,000. The salvage value at the end of the machine’s six-year operational life is $12,000. If the hospital’s MARR is 10% per year, should this investment be undertaken? (Use PW-Method).arrow_forward
- Interstate Manufacturing is considering either replacing one of its old machines with a new machine or having the old machine overhauled. Information about the two alternatives follows. Management requires a 10% rate of return on its investments. Alternative 1: Keep the old machine and have it overhauled. If the old machine is overhauled, it will be kept for another five years and then sold for its salvage value. Cost of old machine $112,000 Cost of overhaul 150,000 Annual expected revenues generated . 95,000 Annual cash operating costs after overhaul 42,000 Salvage value of old machine in 5 years . 15,000 Alternative 2: Sell the old machine and buy a new one. The new machine is more efficient and will yield substantial operating cost savings with more product being produced and sold. Cost of new machine $300,000 Salvage value of old machine now 29,000 Annual expected revenues generated . 100,000 Annual cash operating costs 32,000 Salvage value of new machine in 5 years . 20,000…arrow_forwardeEgg is considering the purchase of a new distributed network computer system to help handle its warehouse inventories. The system costs $60,000 to purchase and install and $30,000 to operate each year. The system is estimated to be useful for 4 years. Management expects the new system to reduce the cost of managing inventories by $62,000 per year. The firm's cost of capital (discount rate) is 9%. Required: 1. What is the net present value (NPV) of the proposed investment under each of the following independent situations? (Use the appropriate present value factors from Appendix C. TABLE 1 and Appendix C. TABLE 2.) 1a. The firm is not yet profitable and therefore pays no income taxes. 1b. The firm is in the 25% income tax bracket and uses straight-line (SLN) depreciation with no salvage value. Assume MACRS rules do not apply. 1c. The firm is in the 25% income tax bracket and uses double-declining-balance (DDB) depreciation with no salvage value. Given a four-year life, the DDB…arrow_forwardThe hospital is considering the purchase of imaging equipment worth $25,000 to improve its visual capture results, and improve outcomes. The operating costs will be reduced by $7,000 per year. The computer has an estimated life expectancy of 5 years, and an estimated salvage value of $5,000. What is the profitability index if the discount rate is 8%. Ignore reimbursement considerations.arrow_forward
- Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Accounting Volume 2AccountingISBN:9781947172609Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax College