Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20.2, Problem 1TC
What might explain the observation that most species of endospore-forming bacteria live in soil?
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10. Consider the following enzyme and its substrate where the "+" and "-" indicate cations and
anions, respectively. Explain which of the following inhibitors could inhibit this enzyme?
Which type of inhibitor would it be and why? (Video 5-2)
Substrate
Enzyme
Potential inhibitors
Using Punnett Squares Punnett squares are one good
way to predict the outcome of genetic crosses. Punnett
squares use mathematical probability to help predict the
genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses. The
number of possible alleles from each parent determines the
number of rows and columns in the Punnett square.
Independent Assortment
KEY QUESTION How do alleles segregate when more than
one gene is involved?
Mendel wondered if the segregation of one pair of alleles
affects another pair. For example, does the gene that
determines the shape of a seed affect the gene for seed color?
This type of experiment is known as a two-factor, or dihybrid,
cross because it involves two different genes. Single-gene
crosses are monohybrid crosses.
Visual Reading Tool: Two-Factor Cross: F₂
The Punnett square shows the
results of self-crossing the F,
generation of a cross between
round yellow peas and wrinkled
green peas.
1. List the different genotypes in
the F, generation. What is the…
CHAPTER 12
LESSON
2
Applying Mendel's Principles
READING TOOL Connect to Visuals Before you read, preview Figure 12-7. Try to infer the
purpose of this diagram. As you read, compare your inference to the text. After you read, revise
your statement if needed or write a new one about the diagram's purpose. Take notes on the lines
provided. Then view the Punnett square and answer the questions below regarding the genotypes
and phenotypes.
Inference:
Revision:
Parent 2
rryy
Gametes
F
ry
Parent 1
RRYY
Gametes
RY
RrYy
The F, generation are all RrYy.
1. What is the phenotype of
parent 1?.
2. What is the genotype of parent 1?
3. What is the phenotype of parent 2?
4. What is the genotype of parent 2?
5. What is the phenotype of the F, offspring?.
6. What is the genotype of the F, offspring?.
7. What kind of cross does this figure describe?
144
Chanter 12 Introduction to Genetice
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 20.1 - describe some differences between bacteria and...Ch. 20.1 - describe the typical sizes and shapes of...Ch. 20.2 - What might explain the observation that most...Ch. 20.2 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests A few of the bacteria that...Ch. 20.2 - Some of the enzymes that have important uses in...Ch. 20.2 - Unpleasant breath odors are caused mainly by...Ch. 20.2 - As part of a study on the relationship between...Ch. 20.2 - What is the main advantage of prokaryotic fission,...Ch. 20.2 - describe the range of environments inhabited by...Ch. 20.2 - describe adaptations that help protect prokaryotes...
Ch. 20.2 - explain how prokaryotes reproduce and exchange...Ch. 20.3 - If all of Earths nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes were...Ch. 20.3 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests Many of the bacteria...Ch. 20.3 - explain how prokaryotes affect animal and plant...Ch. 20.3 - explain prokaryotes role in nutrient recycling?Ch. 20.3 - describe how prokaryotes help clean up pollution?Ch. 20.3 - describe some of the pathogenic bacteria that...Ch. 20.4 - Why are viruses unable to replicate outside of a...Ch. 20.4 - Biotechnologists often use viruses to transfer...Ch. 20.4 - describe the structure and characteristics of...Ch. 20.4 - describe the effects they can have on host...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 20.4 - Unwelcome Dinner Guests How do harmful bacteria...Ch. 20 - The name of the process by which DNA is...Ch. 20 - A community of prokaryotes surrounded by slime and...Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements about archaea is...Ch. 20 - Viruses a. are usually photosynthetic. b. consist...Ch. 20 - Applying fertilizer near an oil spill to Increase...Ch. 20 - ____________, have peptidoglycan in...Ch. 20 - Prokaryotic cells are ____________,...Ch. 20 - Many prokaryotes use ____________ to move about....Ch. 20 - ____________,bacteria inhabit environments that...Ch. 20 - Prokaryotes reproduce by ____________ and may...Ch. 20 - The plant nutrient ammonium is produced by...Ch. 20 - Cholera, gonorrhea, and pneumonia are some of the...Ch. 20 - A virus consists of a molecule of __________ or...Ch. 20 - Describe some of the ways in which prokaryotes...Ch. 20 - What are nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and what role...Ch. 20 - Describe some of the extreme environments in which...Ch. 20 - What is an endospore? What is its function?Ch. 20 - What is conjugation? What role do plasmids play in...Ch. 20 - Why are prokaryotes especially useful in...Ch. 20 - Describe the structure of a typical virus. How do...Ch. 20 - Describe some examples of how prokaryotes are...Ch. 20 - How do archaea and bacteria differ? How do...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1ACCh. 20 - Before the discovery of prions, many (perhaps...
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