Interpretation:
The reactions of
Concept Introduction:
Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group
They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.
Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.
Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
The electrophilic
Electrophilic substitution reaction is the type of reaction in which an electrophile displaces hydrogen from the compound.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which an electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partial positive charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group.
The
The
An
The nucleophilic substitutions in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group are known as
The stability of carbocation:
Aniline is ortho and para directing in electrophilic substitution reaction. Aniline is an activating group which contributes to electron density at ortho and para positions.
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Organic Chemistry
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- Black powder (see introduction) was the propellant used in rifles and pistols during the 1860’s. Would it have been possible to use diphenylamine to detect gunshot residue on John Wilkes Booth after the assignation of President Lincoln? Why or Why not?arrow_forwardAnilines can be converted into diazonium salts by reaction with nitrous acid. Diazonium salts react with phenols to form azo dyes. Sketch the aniline derivative and phenol reactant that can combine to produce the azo dye shown.arrow_forwardThe compound acetophenone has a very similar molar mass to that of benzoic acid and benzamide. However, acetophenone has a much lower m.p. (20 °C) than both such that, by contrast, it is a liquid at room temperature. By considering intermolecular forces and comparing functional group structure, account for this big difference in physical properties.arrow_forward
- Write the therapeutic action of following on human body and mention the class of drugs to which each of the these belong:(i) Equanil(ii) Aspirin(iii) Chloramphenicolarrow_forwardAnalyze the synthesis problems of Isopropylamine can be prepared by reduction of nitro compound,but cannot be prepared by reduction of a nitrile,even though it is primary aminearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? Oa. All amines are soluble in water b. All amines react quantitatively with strong acids to form water-soluble salts O c. All amines react quantitatively with strong acids to form water-insoluble salts Od. All of the above Oe. None of the abovearrow_forward
- Show how to convert amines to other functional groups, and devise multistepsyntheses using amines as starting materials and intermediatesarrow_forwardPreparation of the amine from the amide?arrow_forwardWhat is (are) the reason(s) for the following actions a.) Addition of sulfuric acid to the reaction mixture in aspirin preparation b.) Using the activated charcoal in one step of acetanilide preparation c.) The difference between ester and amide formationarrow_forward
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