Mindtap Biology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Solomon/martin/martin/berg's Biology, 11th
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337393096
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 6TYU
Which of the following evolutionary processes is associated with allopolyploidy? (a) gradualism (b) allometric growth (c) sympatric
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When two populations are reproductively isolated, what else must occur for speciation to happen?
(a) gene flow
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(c) coevolution
(d) convergent evolution
(e) none of the above
The pupfishes in the Death Valley region are an example of which evolutionary process? (a) background extinction (b) allopatric speciation (c) sympatric speciation (d) allopolyploidy (e) paedomorphosis
Which of the following CANNOT be learned by looking at phylogenetic trees?
(A) ALL of these.
(B) Which groups of species represent natural monophyletic groups (clades) that should be named.
(C) Which ancestral nodes (representing extinct ancestors) might be older than other ancestral nodes.
(D) Which extant species are older than other extant species.
(E) Which characteristics most likely evolved along specific branches of the evolutionary tree.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Mindtap Biology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Solomon/martin/martin/berg's Biology, 11th
Ch. 20.1 - Describe the biological species concept and list...Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.2 - Explain the significance of reproductive isolating...Ch. 20.2 - What barriers prevent wood frogs and leopard frogs...Ch. 20.2 - How is temporal isolation different from...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.2 - Of which postzygotic barrier is the mule an...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 3LO
Ch. 20.3 - Explain the mechanisms of sympatric speciation and...Ch. 20.3 - What are five geographic barriers that might lead...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 20.5 - Define macroevolution.Ch. 20.5 - Discuss macroevolution in the context of novel...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 20.5 - Why are evolutionary novelties important to...Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 20.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 20.5 - What is the relationship between mass extinction...Ch. 20 - A prezygotic barrier prevents (a) the union of egg...Ch. 20 - The reproductive isolating mechanism in which two...Ch. 20 - Interspecific hybrids, if they survive, are (a)...Ch. 20 - The first step leading to allopatric speciation is...Ch. 20 - The pupfishes in the Death Valley region are an...Ch. 20 - Which of the following evolutionary processes is...Ch. 20 - According to the punctuated equilibrium model, (a)...Ch. 20 - The evolutionary conversion of reptilian scales...Ch. 20 - Adaptive radiation is common following a period of...Ch. 20 - The Hawaiian silverswords are an excellent example...Ch. 20 - VISUALIZE Use two different colors to depict the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 20 - EVOLUTION LINK Could hawthorn and apple maggot...Ch. 20 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 20 - EVOLUTION LINK Examine Figure 20-2c and predict...
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- In cladistic analysis, (a) ancestral characters are used to reconstructphylogenies (b) characters must be homoplastic (c) polyphyletic groups are preferred (d) outgroup analysis is rarely used (e) shared derived characters are the preferred evidence for relatednessarrow_forwardWhich of the following are true about outgroups? (multiple answers allowed) A) they help identify plesiomorphic traits in the pylogeny B) they are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in questionC) They do not have any autapomorphic traits D)they are less evolved than the species of interestarrow_forwardWhich of the following terms most specifically describes what occurs when a group of organisms expands to take on new ecological roles, forming new species and higher taxonomic groups in the process? (a) speciation (b) mass extinction (c) evolution (d) adaptive radiationarrow_forward
- In interpreting a cladogram, (a) we can identify the specific ancestor of each taxon by tracing each branch back to the node closest to the root (b) taxa on the right side of a cladogram have evolved from the taxa on the left side (c) the relative placement of smaller branches allows us to determine the number of years since a particular taxon has evolved (d) we can determine relationships by tracing along the branches back to the most recent commonancestor (e) we must first identify horizontal gene transferarrow_forward375 million years ago, the population of organisms we call Tiktaalik had variation in many aspects of the appendages including the bones, muscles and nerves. What evolutionary force was likely most responsible for rapid adaptation and the relatively rapid evolution of limbs in this lineage? (A) natural selection (B) NONE of these C) mutations D genetic drift (E) speciationarrow_forwardThe first step leading to allopatric speciation is (a) hybrid inviability(b) hybrid breakdown (c) adaptive radiation(d) geographic isolation (e)paedomorphosisarrow_forward
- To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.arrow_forwardThe presence of homologous structures in two different groups of organisms suggests that (a) the organisms evolved from a common ancestor (b) convergent evolution has occurred (c) they belong to a polyphyletic group (d) homoplasy has occurred (e) independently acquired characters may evolve when organisms inhabit similar environmentsarrow_forwardIn what way does the modern synthesis strengthen scientific understanding of evolution? (a) is based on the sequence of fossils in rock layers (b) uses genetics to explain the source of hereditary variation that is essentialto natural selection (c) was first proposed by ancient Greek scholars (d) considers the influence of the geographic distribution of organisms on their evolution (e) is reinforced by homologies that are explained by common descentarrow_forward
- To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits: A B 1 2 E 5 2 1= singing 2= nest-building 3 = short legs 4 = hollow snout 5= crest J L M 6 = tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did hollow snouts evolve to allow singing? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have hollow snouts into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. 4.arrow_forwarda) What is the best estimate (mean age), in millions of years, for the divergence of the clade containing the American Giant Short Faced Bear from the clade containing the Sloth Bear? b) According to Figure 1, bears as a group experienced substantial evolutionary radiation near what geological boundary? c) True or False. An entire clade of bears has gone extinct because the two extinct bear species in the figure are sister species. d) What bears are the nearest relatives of the Sun Bear?arrow_forwardPenguins are flightless birds, however, they still have wings. This is an example of a (the) _______. A) Convergent Evolution B) Developmental homology C) HomoplasyD) Law of SuccessionE) Vestigial structure Then explain why the answer is correct and the others are notarrow_forward
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