The question asks how the relative locations of the substituents are identified when a benzene ring has several substituents. Concept Introduction: The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry-IUPAC has developed a method for systematically naming organic compounds. The name given to a compound according to the IUPAC nomenclature consists of several parts. The suffix that is used to indicate the main functional group of the structure. Name of the chain that is used to identify the main carbon chain of the compound. The prefixes that are used to indicate the substituent groups. The numbers that are used to indicate the places at which the substituent groups, additional groups and the main functional groups are attached to the chain. Table 1: The series of functional groups arranged in the decreasing order of the priority Number of carbon atoms Root name Name of the corresponding Hydrocarbon 1 meth Methane 2 eth Ethane 3 prop Propane 4 but Butane 5 pent Pentane 6 hex Hexane Table 2: The root names used for the compounds according to the number of carbon atoms and the names of the corresponding hydrocarbons.

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Chapter 20, Problem 53QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The question asks how the relative locations of the substituents are identified when a benzene ring has several substituents.

Concept Introduction:

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry-IUPAC has developed a method for systematically naming organic compounds.

The name given to a compound according to the IUPAC nomenclature consists of several parts.

The suffix that is used to indicate the main functional group of the structure.

Name of the chain that is used to identify the main carbon chain of the compound.

The prefixes that are used to indicate the substituent groups.

The numbers that are used to indicate the places at which the substituent groups, additional groups and the main functional groups are attached to the chain.

Table 1: The series of functional groups arranged in the decreasing order of the priority

Number of carbon atoms Root name Name of the corresponding Hydrocarbon

1 meth Methane

2 eth Ethane

3 prop Propane

4 but Butane

5 pent Pentane

6 hex Hexane

Table 2: The root names used for the compounds according to the number of carbon atoms and the names of the corresponding hydrocarbons.

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