1st Edition

ISBN: 9781938168390

Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser

Publisher: OpenStax

Concept explainers

In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reacti…

Hydride Shift

A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carboc…

Vinylic Carbocation

A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond t…

Cycloheptatrienyl Cation

It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthes…

Stability of Vinyl Carbocation

Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.

Textbook Question

Chapter 20, Problem 53E

Alcohols A, B and C all have the composition C₄H 100. Molecules of alcohol A contain a branched carbon chain and can be oxidized to an aldehyde; molecules of alcohol B contain a linear carbon chain and can be oxidized to a ketone; and molecules of alcohol C can be oxidized to neither an aldehyde nor a ketone. Write the Lewis structures of these molecules.

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

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Chapter 20, Problem 52E

Chapter 20, Problem 54E

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Chapter 20 Solutions

Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)

Ch. 20 - Write the chemical formula and Lewis structure of...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between the hybridization...Ch. 20 - On a microscopic level, how does the reaction of...Ch. 20 - On a microscopic level, how does the reaction of...Ch. 20 - Explain why unbranched alkenes can form geometric...Ch. 20 - Explain why these two molecules are not isomers:Ch. 20 - Explain why these two molecules are not isomers:Ch. 20 - How does the carbon-atom hybridization change when...Ch. 20 - Write the Lewis structure and molecular formula...Ch. 20 - Write the chemical formula, condensed formula, and...

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