Chapter 20, Problem 35R

To determine

To complete: The table on radioactivity.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The positively charged nuclei of atoms consist of two particles. Positive charged particles proton and no charged particle is a neutron. When there is the instability of nuclei due to less strong force, the nuclei emit particles and radiation.

1. The process by which the nuclei emits particles and radiation energy called Radioactivity.
2. During the radioactive decay, the particles emit (alpha, beta and gamma) this emission changes the nucleus energy.
3. The radioactive decay particles alpha, beta and gamma rays can be dangerous to humans. These rays can affect human cells and create many diseases.
4. The process by which the energy is released during braking of one nucleus into more nucleus due to instability is nuclear fission
5. During nuclear fission, the breaking of the nucleus releases a large amount of energy.
6. Nuclear fission is the breaking of a nucleus into other small nuclei, sometimes not controllable and it may release a large amount of energy which can harm anyone.
7. The process of converting the two or more small nucleus into a large nucleus called nuclear fusion.
8. Nuclear fusion occurs at a high temperature which releases a large amount of energy which leads to energy change.
9. When nuclear fusion occurs in a star at high temperature, then a large amount of energy releases which can destroy a planet.

Conclusion:

Thus the given table is completed.