Physics for Science and Engineering With Modern Physics, VI - Student Study Guide
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780132273244
Author: Doug Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 31P
(II) What volume of water at 0°C can a freezer make into ice cubes in 1.0 h, if the coefficient of performance of the cooling unit is 7.0 and the power input is 1.2 kilowatt?
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(II) What volume of water at 0°C can a freezer make intoice cubes in 1.0 h, if the coefficient of performance of thecooling unit is 6.0 and the power input is 1.2 kilowatt?
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Physics for Science and Engineering With Modern Physics, VI - Student Study Guide
Ch. 20.2 - An adiabatic process is defined as one in which no...Ch. 20.3 - A motor is running with an intake temperature TH =...Ch. 20.6 - A 1.00.kg piece of ice at 0C melts very slowly to...Ch. 20.9 - Prob. 1EECh. 20 - Prob. 1QCh. 20 - Can you warm a kitchen in winter by leaving the...Ch. 20 - Would a definition of heat engine efficiency as e...Ch. 20 - What plays the role of high-temperature and...Ch. 20 - Which will give the greater improvement in the...Ch. 20 - The oceans contain a tremendous amount of thermal...
Ch. 20 - Discuss the factors that keep real engines from...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8QCh. 20 - Describe a process in nature that is nearly...Ch. 20 - (a) Describe how heat could be added to a system...Ch. 20 - Suppose a gas expands to twice its original volume...Ch. 20 - Give three examples, other than those mentioned in...Ch. 20 - Which do you think has the greater entropy, 1 kg...Ch. 20 - (a) What happens if you remove the lid of a bottle...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15QCh. 20 - Prob. 16QCh. 20 - Prob. 17QCh. 20 - The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes...Ch. 20 - Powdered milk is very slowly (quasistatically)...Ch. 20 - Two identical systems are taken from state a to...Ch. 20 - It can he said that the total change in entropy...Ch. 20 - Use arguments, other than the principle of entropy...Ch. 20 - (I) A heat engine exhausts 7800 J of heat while...Ch. 20 - (I) A certain power plant puts out 580 MW of...Ch. 20 - (II) A typical compact car experiences a total...Ch. 20 - (II) A four-cylinder gasoline engine has an...Ch. 20 - (II) The burning of gasoline in a car releases...Ch. 20 - (II) Figure 2017 is a PV diagram for a reversible...Ch. 20 - (III) The operation of a diesel engine can be...Ch. 20 - (I) What is the maximum efficiency of a heat...Ch. 20 - (I) It is not necessary that a heat engines hot...Ch. 20 - (II) A heal engine exhausts its heat at 340C and...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Show that the work done by a Carnot...Ch. 20 - (II) A Carnot engines operating temperatures are...Ch. 20 - (II) A nuclear power plant operates at 65% of its...Ch. 20 - (II) A Carnot engine performs work at the rate of...Ch. 20 - (II) Assume that a 65 kg hiker needs 4.0 103 kcal...Ch. 20 - (II) A particular car does work at the rate of...Ch. 20 - (II) A heat engine utilizes a heat source at 580C...Ch. 20 - (II) The working substance of a certain Carnot...Ch. 20 - (III) A Carnot cycle, shown in Fig. 20-7, has the...Ch. 20 - (III) One mole of monatomic gas undergoes a Carnot...Ch. 20 - (III) In an engine that approximates the Otto...Ch. 20 - (I) If an ideal refrigerator keeps its contents at...Ch. 20 - (I) The low temperature of a freezer cooling coil...Ch. 20 - (II) An ideal (Carnot) engine has an efficiency of...Ch. 20 - (II) An ideal heal pump is used to maintain the...Ch. 20 - (II) A restaurant refrigerator has a coefficient...Ch. 20 - (II) A heat pump is used to keep a house warm at...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Given that the coefficient of performance...Ch. 20 - (II) A Carnot refrigerator (reverse of a Carnot...Ch. 20 - (II) A central heat pump updating as an air...Ch. 20 - (II) What volume of water at 0C can a freezer make...Ch. 20 - (I) What is the change in entropy of 250g of steam...Ch. 20 - (I) A 7.5-kg box having an initial speed of 4.0m/s...Ch. 20 - (I) What is the change in entropy of 1.00 m3 of...Ch. 20 - (II) If 1.00m3 of water at 0C is frozen and cooled...Ch. 20 - (II) If 0.45kg f water at 100C is changed by a...Ch. 20 - (II) An aluminum rod conducts 9.50 cal/s from a...Ch. 20 - (II) A 2.8-kg piece of aluminum at 43.0C is placed...Ch. 20 - (II) An ideal gas expands isothermally (T = 410 K)...Ch. 20 - (II) When 2.0 kg of water at 12.0C is mixed with...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) An ice cube of mass m at 0C is placed in...Ch. 20 - (II) The temperature of 2.0mol of an ideal...Ch. 20 - (II) Calculate the change in entropy of 1.00kg of...Ch. 20 - (II) An ideal gas of n moles undergoes the...Ch. 20 - (II) Two samples of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 20 - (II) A 150-g insulated aluminum cup at 15C is...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Why would you expect the total entropy...Ch. 20 - (II) 1.00 mole of nitrogen (N2) gas and 1.00 mole...Ch. 20 - (II) Thermodynamic processes are sometimes...Ch. 20 - (III) The specific heat per mole of potassium at...Ch. 20 - (III) Consider an ideal gas of n moles with molar...Ch. 20 - (III) A general theorem states that the amount of...Ch. 20 - (III) Determine the work available in a 3.5-kg...Ch. 20 - (I) Use Eq. 2014 to determine the entropy of each...Ch. 20 - (II) Suppose that you repeatedly shake six coins...Ch. 20 - (II) Calculate the relative probabilities, when...Ch. 20 - (II) (a) Suppose you have four coins, all with...Ch. 20 - Prob. 58PCh. 20 - (II) Energy may be stored for use during peak...Ch. 20 - (II) Solar cells (Fig. 20-22) can produce about...Ch. 20 - Prob. 61PCh. 20 - It has been suggested that a heat engine could be...Ch. 20 - A heat engine takes a diatomic gas around the...Ch. 20 - A 126.5-g insulated aluminum cup at 18.00C is...Ch. 20 - (a) At a steam power plant, steam engines work in...Ch. 20 - (II) Refrigeration units can be rated in tons. A...Ch. 20 - Prob. 67GPCh. 20 - (a) What is the coefficient of performance of an...Ch. 20 - The operation of a certain heat engine takes an...Ch. 20 - A car engine whose output power is 155 hp operates...Ch. 20 - Suppose a power plant delivers energy at 850 MW...Ch. 20 - 1.00 mole of an ideal monatomic gas at STP first...Ch. 20 - Two 1100-kg cars are traveling 75 km/h in opposite...Ch. 20 - Metabolizing 1.0 kg of fat results in about 3.7 ...Ch. 20 - A cooling unit for a new freezer has an inner...Ch. 20 - Prob. 76GPCh. 20 - The Stirling cycle shown in Fig 20-27, is useful...Ch. 20 - A gas turbine operates under the Brayton cycle,...Ch. 20 - Thermodynamic processes can be represented not...Ch. 20 - An aluminum can, with negligible heat capacity, is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 81GPCh. 20 - A bowl contains a large number of red, orange, and...
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- Show that the coefficients of performance of refrigerators and heat pumps are related by COPref=COPhp1. Start with the definitions of the COP s and the conservation of energy relationship between Qh, QC, and W.arrow_forwardIn a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited without a spark plug. Instead, air in a cylinder is compressed adiabatically to a temperature above the ignition temperature of the fuel; at the point of maximum compression, the fuel is injected into the cylinder. Suppose that air at 20 C is taken into the cylinder at a volume V1 and then compressed adiabatically and quasi-statically to a temperature of 600 C and a volume V2 . If =1.4 , what is the ratio V1/V2 ? (Note: static. In an operating diesel engine, the compression is not quasi-arrow_forward(II) How much less per year would it cost a family to operatea heat pump that has a coefficient of performance of 2.9 thanan electric heater that costs $2000 to heat their home for ayear? If the conversion to the heat pump costs $15,000, howlong would it take the family to break even on heating costs?How much would the family save in 20 years?arrow_forward
- (I) A heat engine exhausts 8200 J of heat while performing2600 J of useful work. What is the efficiency of this engine?arrow_forward(II) What is the temperature inside an ideal refrigeratorfreezer that operates with a COP = 7.0 in a 22°C room?arrow_forward(c) The coefficient of performance for a freezer is 7.8. Pekali prestasi untuk penyejuk beku ialah 7.8. (i) How much heat must be extracted by the freezer to expel 2.5 kJ of heat into the reservoir? Berapa banyak haba yang harus dikeluarkan oleh penyejuk beku untuk mengeluarkan 2.5 kJ haba ke dalam takungan? (ii) If the freezer compressor uses 310 J of energy, how much heat is extracted from the reservoir?arrow_forward
- (II) 8.5 moles of an ideal monatomic gas expand adiabatically, performing 8300 J of work in the process. What is the change in temperature of the gas during this expansion?arrow_forward(II) A heat engine uses a heat source at 580°C and has an ideal(Carnot) efficiency of 22%. To increase the ideal efficiencyto 42%, what must be the temperature of the heat source?arrow_forward(I) If an ideal refrigerator keeps its contents at 2.5°C whenthe house temperature is 22°C, what is its COP?arrow_forward
- (a) A freezer maintains an interior temperature inside of -22.0°C and has a coefficient of performance of 3.00. The freezer sits in a room with a temperature of 22.0°C. The freezer is able to completely convert 20.0 g of liquid water at 22.0°C to ice at -22.0°C in one minute. What input power (in watts) does the freezer require? (The specific heat of liquid water is 4.186 J/(g. °C), the specific heat of ice is 2.090 J/(g °C), and the latent heat of fusion of water is 334 J/g.) W . (b) What If? In reality, only part of the power consumption of a freezer is used to make ice. The remainder is used to maintain the temperature of the rest of the freezer. Suppose, however, that 100% of a freezer's typical power consumption of 160 W is available to make ice. The freezer has the same coefficient of performance as given above. How many grams per minute of water at 22.0°C could this freezer convert to ice at -22.0°C? g/minarrow_forward. (II) A gas is enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a lightfrictionless piston and maintained at atmospheric pressure.When 254 kcal of heat is added to the gas, the volumeis observed to increase slowly from 12.0 m3 to 16.2 m3Calculate (a) the work done by the gas and (b) the changein internal energy of the gas.arrow_forwardii) In a thermodynamic process, the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is changed so that the gas takes 30 joule of heat and 10 J of work is done by the gas (gas is expanded). If the initial internal energy of the gas is 25 J, estimate its final internal energy.arrow_forward
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