Foundations of Economics (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134486819
Author: Robin Bade, Michael Parkin
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 20, Problem 2SPPA
To determine
Unequal distribution of wealth in china or the United States.
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Document A
Source: Adapted from the video "Wealth Inequality in America," 2012; and the Organization for Economic Coop-
eration and Development, 2015.
Note: In 2011, a Harvard professor surveyed more than 5,000 Americans on how they thought wealth was
distributed in the United States and how it should be distributed. The top two bars show the results of the
survey by quintile. The bottom bar shows the actual distribution of wealth in the United States.
Public Perceptions of Economic Inequality in the US
EV
Presumed Distribution of Wealth
wealthiest
fourth
20%
middle
20%
second
20%
20%
Ideal Distribution of Wealth
wealthiest
poorest
20%
fourth
20%
middle
20%
second
20%
20%
poorest 20%
Actual Distribution of Wealth
wealthiest
20%
Note: In 2015, the wealthiest 20 percent of Americans owned 88 percent of the nation's wealth. The second-
wealthiest quintile owned 9 percent. The middle quintile owned 3 percent. The bottom two quintiles owned
less than 1 percent.
fourth 20
middle 20%
poorest…
Briefly discuss the major causes of income inequality. With respect to income inequality, is there any difference between inheriting property and inheriting a high IQ? Explain.
What is the urban inequality rate compared to national inequality rate in Rio de Janeiro? Give a comparison of urban poverty and urban inequality rates in Rio.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Foundations of Economics (8th Edition)
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 2SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 3SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 4SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 5SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 6SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 7SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 8SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 9SPPACh. 20 - Prob. 1IAPA
Ch. 20 - Prob. 2IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 3IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 4IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 5IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 6IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 7IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 8IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 9IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 10IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 11IAPACh. 20 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 20 - Prob. 7MCQ
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- Why is there reluctance on the part of some in the United States to redistribute income so that greater equality can be achieved?arrow_forwardDescribe how a push for economic equality might reduce incentives to work and produce output. Then describe how a push for economic inequality might nut have such effects.arrow_forwardThe table shows the distribution of income in the Australia Complete the column of the table that records the cumulative percentages of income in Australia received by the cumulative percentages of households. Cumulative percentage of Income Households Lowest 20 percent (percentage) Households Income 8 Lowest 20 13 Lowest 40 Second 20 percent Third 20 percent 18 Fourth 20 percent 23 Highest 20 percent 38 Lowest 60 Lowest 80 100 100.0 The graph shows the Lorenz curve for the United States Draw the line of equality Draw a point to show the cumulative percentage of income received by the lowest 40 percent of Australian households Label it 1, Draw a point to show the cumulative percentage of income received by the lowest 80 percent of Australian households. Label it 2 Draw the Lorenz curve for Australia. Label it Based on the data provided, which country has the more unequal income distribution? OA Australa OB. Neither. They have the same degree of inequality. OC, The United States OD. It…arrow_forward
- How do the greatest disparities of wealth exist in the United States?arrow_forwardhttps://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htmarrow_forwardActual Distribution of Wealth in the US Source: Adapted from the video "Wealth Inequality in America," 2012. Note: This document uses 2009 data. As of 2017, this inequality had only become greater. In this graph, the population of 300-plus million Americans is reduced to a representative group of 100 people. So, each person in this image represents 1% of the population. This group of 100 people has been lined up according to their wealth, poorest people on the left, wealthiest on the right. These 100 people have been shaded based on which 20% quintile they fall into. Then, the total wealth of the United States, which was roughly $54 trillion in 2009, was distributed among our 100 Americans. The poorest Americans don't even register, they are down to pocket change, and the middle class is barely distinguishable from the poor. 1% of America has 40% of all the nation's wealth, the bottom 80% only has 12% between them. The top 1% own half the country's, stocks, bonds and mutual funds. The…arrow_forward
- 8arrow_forwardSuppose there are 3 households in each society. This table shows income for poor, middle, and rich household, average income for all households, and the Gini coefficient for 4 societies. Based on this table, which of the following is true? (Select all that apply.) Society A Society B Society C Society D оооо Household Income Poor Middle Household Household 20,000 15,000 25,000 30,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 40,000 Rich Household 75,000 100,000 200,000 10,000,000 Society D has the most unequal income distribution. Society A has the most equal income distribution. Society D has the highest overall average income. Society A has the lowest overall average income. Average Income 45,000 51,667 88,333 3,356,667 Gini coefficient .27 .37 .44 .66arrow_forward4. The Census Bureau recently created a new sup- plemental poverty measure, which defines the poverty threshold as the amount of money that the poorest third of Americans spend on food, clothing, shelter, and utilities. Journalist Robert Samuelson [2010] proposed the following thought experiment: Suppose that all Americans doubled their incomes tomorrow, and suppose that their spending on food, clothing, shelter, and utilities doubled as a result. What would happen to the number of people in poverty ac- cording to this new supplemental measure? Does this strike you as a desirable measure?arrow_forward
- Briefly discuss the major causes of income inequality. What factors have contributed to greater income inequality since 1970?arrow_forwardEconomists experience difficulties in accurately measuring income inequality because of which of the following? Choose one or more: A. The Gini index calculation discriminates against the poor in developed economies. B. Government programs are inefficient and difficult to monitor. C. large, underground economies that lack the reporting of income to the government D. Measurements tend to use "before tax" income, not "after tax" income (disposable income), which is the income people actually have available to purchase goods and services. E. The population size of an economy impacts the distribution of data, causing large economies to show more inequality than smaller economies. F. do-it-yourself production of goods and services (such as growing own food or making own clothing) that are not bought or sold in the market G. in-kind transfers where goods and services are given as aid to the poor instead of casharrow_forwardSelect all facts about the evolution of inequality in the world between 1960 and 2017? U Inequality at the individual level has decreased. The proportion of poor countries has increased. Inequality at the individual level did not increase as much as inequality at the country level. Inequality of the real per capita GDP across countries has increased. Inequality at the individual level has increased. The proportion of poor countries has decreased. Inequality of the real per capita GDP across countries has decreased. Inequality at the individual level did not decrease as much as inequality at the country level.arrow_forward
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