Chapter 20, Problem 25RQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name of the acid-base condition of the person who had an asthma attack induced by pollen.

Introduction: A 45-year-old man suffered from an asthma attack due to pollen. After examination, the bicarbonate (HCO₃^-) level in the blood of patient was 30 m Eq/L, Pco₂ is 70 mm Hg and pH is 7.24.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given condition is acute or chronic.

Introduction: Respiratory acidosis is a condition in which the lungs are unable to eliminate the carbon dioxide from the body. The man’s recent blood test showed that his $HC{O}^{-}{}_3$ concentration is 30 m Eq/L, Pco₂ is 70 mm Hg and pH is 7.24.

b.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name of the acid-base condition of patients after 10 years and whether the situation is acute or chronic.

Introduction: The 45-year-old patient has recovered from asthma. The person continued to smoke on a regular basis for 10 years. The person was diagnosed with COPD. The level of HCO₃^- in the blood was 45 m Eq/L, Pco₂ is 85 mm Hg and pH is 7.34.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given situation is acute or chronic.

Introduction: The chronic respiratory acidosis is a medical condition, in which the body adapts to the increased acidity. The most recent blood test of the patient showed the $HC{O}_3{}^1$ concentration of 45 m Eq/L, Pco₂ of 85 mm Hg and pH of 7.34.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason for the decrease in HCO₃^- and increases in Pco₂ during the second illness in the patient.

Introduction: An individual is suffering from respiratory acidosis. The symptoms of respiratory acidosis can be controlled by immediate treatment. However, this condition can turn into chronic pulmonary disease, if the individual continues to smoke.