WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319103316
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 20, Problem 10SA
Summary Introduction
To review:
Two ways in which heat exchange occurs between the body and the external environment.
Introduction:
Heat can be transferred from the body to the environment, or from the environment to the body.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Thermoregulation is the process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a
tolerable range.
Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about Thermoregulation ?
Lütfen birini seçin:
O a. Endothermic animals generate heat by metabolism
O b. Ectothermic animals gain heat from external sources
O c. In general, ectotherms tolerate greater variation in internal temperature, while endotherms are active at a greater
range of external temperatures
O d. Ectothermy is more energetically expensive than endothermy
(a) Write down an equation expressing the thermal balance between the human bodyand its environment.(b) Under what conditions is the temperature of the deep tissues of the human bodygoing to change? Discuss the physiological mechanisms which the body employs to adjustsuch an imbalance. How can the air conditioning engineer, through an appropriate manipulationof the environment, assist the body in feeling comfortable?
Figure (2) below, shows the
relations between all factors
that should be at minimat
amount of body regulation
to achieve thermal
equilibrium, towards
establishing the
physiological basis of
comfort. in the same Figure,
symbol (B) represents:
Celius
20
25
700
600
130
300
100
100
00
70
AMBIENT TEMPERATUREF
100
110
Figure (2)
ORadiation
O Convection
OMetabolism
Evaporation
STUK BOOYLOSssor GAIN
Chapter 20 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
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- Endothermic animals can maintain consistent temperature conditions by generating, main- taining, and regulating their body heat. Under cold conditions, more body heat becomes lost to the environment. Endothermic ani- mals rely on different mechanisms that allow them to maintain their body heat. Which of the following mechanisms that occur in endothermic animals does not describe a mechanism by which they maintain their body heat under these types of conditions? A B с D Some endothermic animals hibernate during extreme environmental conditions, which decreases the rate of metabolic reaction and decreases heat loss. The tissues of the blood vessels of many endothermic animals can dilate and move closer to the skin, allowing for heat to move more readily into the environment. Shivering, which can occur involuntarily in most endothermic animals, produces rapid muscle contractions, which increase the rate of cellular respiration and thereby increase heat production. Layers of densely packed…arrow_forwardIt is important for the body to be able to cool itself even during moderate exercise. Suppose a 70kg man runs on a treadmill for 30min and at a (total) metabolic energy expenditure rate of 1000W remembering that the human body has a 25% efficiency. Suppose also that the man cannot perspire; and cannot lose any heat viaconduction, convection, and radiation. By how much would the man’s body temperature increase at the end of the 30min exercise? Express your answer in oC. A)8.8B)1.4C)0.5D)3.1E)5.7arrow_forward*our body is tightly regulated to maintain an internal (core) temperature of 98.6 degrees F. Your body does not function properly if you get too hot or too cold, partially because protein enzymes get too "stiff" (cold temperatures) or denatured (hot temperatures). If blood temperature rises too high, this is sensed by specialized neurons in the brain. They signal other herve centers, which in turn send signals toʻthe blood vessels of the skin. As these blood vessels dilate, more blood flows close to the body surface and excess heat radiates from the body. If this is not enough to cool the body back to its set point, the brain activates sweating. Evaporation of sweat from the skin has a strong cooling effect, as we feel when we are sweaty and stand in front of a fan. In this example, the brain is a(n): а. гесеptor b. control center nent C. effector eweet alands, are a(n):arrow_forward
- Temperature and wind combine to cause heat loss. Hypothermia occurs when the body temperature falls more than 4 degrees F below normal. Death can occur if hypothermia persists for over 3 hours. According to the chart, in which of the following temperature and wind combinations would the body temperature be the lowest and a person most at risk for developing hypothermia?arrow_forwardHeat exchange with the environment depends on the surface area-to-volume ratio of the body. Assuming that the body shape of an animal is at least somewhat spherical, a considerable decrease in body size would the surface area-to-volume ratio, and the ability to exchange heat with the environment would A. increase; increase B. increase; stay about the same C. increase; decrease D. decrease; increase E. decrease; stay about the samearrow_forwardIn a fully grown animal (i.e., one that is not growing), ingested energy becomes O excreted chemical energy + absorbed chemical energy. O heat + chemical energy accumulated in body tissues. heat + excreted chemical energy + mechanical energy of external work + absorbed energy O heat + absorbed chemical energy.arrow_forward
- Draw a negative feedback loop for maintaining homeostasis for thermoregulation where your body temperature is above the set point. In your drawing, include the stimulus, sensor, integrator, effector, and the arrows between the components to indicate how they all relate (be sure to indicate what each of these components are in your body, for example, what is your integrator). Further, answer the following two questions. First, what might be different between the response of an endothermic and an ectothermic animal in maintaining homeostasis? Second, describe what a negative feedback loop is and how it pertains to homeostasis.arrow_forwardLet's say that in a particular animal a series of heat-releasing reactions occur in rapid succession. What impact, if any, will this have on the animal? The animal's body temperature will go up. The animal's body temperature will go down. There will be no impact on the animal.arrow_forwardEndothermic animals can maintain consistent temperature conditions by generating, main- taining, and regulating their body heat. Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which endothermic ani- mals generate their body heat? A Chloroplasts that normally produce glucose molecules instead produce heat energy when required. B с D Catabolic reactions that provide usable chemical energy also produce heat. Enzymes that reduce the activation energy apply energy difference toward heat production. Lysosomes that normally digest nutrients and other intracellular material can be used to initiate apoptosis and thereby generate heat.arrow_forward
- CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following animals use countercurrent heat exchange to maintain elevated body temperatures? Arctic animals like arctic fox Large tropical lizards, like komodo dragons Whales, dolphins and other cetaceans Predatory fish like tuna and sharksarrow_forwardDefine what is Internal Regulation Illustrate the body’s mechanism in temperature regulation Compare through illustration homeostasis and allostasis Don't forget to include the references. Thank you!arrow_forwardAlthough hibernators drop their body temperatures, they do manage maintain a body temperature close to or slightly above ambient temperatures in their burrows. They generate or conserve heat in all of the following ways except one. Which is the one? Non shivering thermogenesis Ruffling the pelage Eating more Calories Bouts of intense shiveringarrow_forward
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