WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319103316
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 20, Problem 14MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The body temperature rises when someone has a fever.
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For the following scenarios, state which part of the brain would be affected and give reasons for your choice of answer in each case.
a) When the immune system of a person with Tuberculosis is trying to fight off the bacteria, chemicals are produced from particular lymphocytes. These chemicals raise the core body temperature and the core body temperature ‘thermostat’ setting is also changed. State which part of the brain would be affected and explain your answer.
b) During exercise the heart rate increases. After exercise, there is a recovery period where the heart rate is returned to normal. State which part of the brain would be damaged if this could not occur and explain your answer.
About fever, it is CORRECT to affirm that:
Fever is beneficial because it increases the metabolic activity of immune cells,
which can kill microbes faster.
Any increase in body temperature is considered fever.
Cytokines cause the hypothalamus to release prostaglandins that reset the
hypothalamus' thermostat to a higher temperature.
LPS is a pyrogen and can induce fever.
Read the situation below and draw a diagram or illustration on how a fever happens. When bacteria are destroyed by leuckocytes, pyrogens are released into the blood. Pyrogens reset the body’s thermostat to a higher temperature, resulting in fever. How might pyrogens cause the body temperature to rise? The hypothalamus maintains the set point for body temperature through reflexes that cause vasodilation and sweating when the body is too warm, or vasoconstriction and shivering when the body is too cold. It responds to chemicals from the body. When a bacterium is destroyed by phagocytic leukocytes, chemicals called endogenous pyrogens are released into the blood. These pyrogens circulate to the hypothalamus and reset the thermostat. This allows the body’s temperature to increase in what is commonly called a fever. An increase in body temperature causes iron to be conserved, which reduces a nutrient needed by bacteria. An increase in body heat also increases the activity of the animal’s…
Chapter 20 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIO 3E+LAUNCHPA
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Outline the events that shows the negative feedback loop that happens when you (choose only one): get a wound, consume too much sugar, get hot by being in a humid place, feel cold, drink too much water, touch a hot surface, get pinched or pricked, or are in a poorly lit room. You are encouraged to do research on the mechanisms that enables the responses for these.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the purpose of wearing a dressing? a. To avoid spreading a disease b. To prevent internal bleeding c. To reduce the risk of an infection d. To avoid swelling e. To calm the patientarrow_forwardWhich of the following are examples of maintaining homeostasis (more than one answer may be correct)? a. You develop diarrhea in response to contracting norovirus b. Sweating due to eating spicy food c. Kidneys removing excess fluid through urine d. Insulin is released in response to high blood sugar, causing cells to use more sugararrow_forward
- Fever increases the body temperature and can induce chills to help cool the temperature back down. What other mechanisms are in place to regulate the body temperature?a. shiveringb. sweatingc. erection of the hairs on the arms and legsd. all of the abovearrow_forwardMatch the body temperature control item to the appropriate location in the negative feedback loop. Effector when variable is low Effector when variable is high Control center Sensor Controlled variable A. Muscles for shivering and goosebumps B. Nerves in skin C. Brain D. Sweat glands E. Temperaturearrow_forwardWhat is the correct answer : During an infection, the body temperature set point is increased. The hypothalamus communicates to skeletal muscles to shiver and to blood vessels to ........................ ( decrease / increase ) blood flow to the skin, causing a rise in body temperature.arrow_forward
- Fill in the blank During an infection, the body temperature set point is increased. The hypothalamus communicates to skeletal muscles to shiver and to blood vessels to.......... blood flow to the skin, causing a rise in body temperaturearrow_forward/Answer/.arrow_forwardwhich of the following situations illustrates that a homeostatic mechanism is not operating properly? a. acute high blood pressure b. normalized blood glucose levels c. dailt fluid intake equals dailty fluid output d. all of these illustrate homestatic mechanisms operating properlyarrow_forward
- Imagine you are the healthcare administrator of a 180-bed facility. Susan is a kitchen assistant who works in your healthcare facility. Susan was recently in contact with a family member who has influenza, then came to work with severe sniffles and sneezes. She also felt hot, and then cold, and had a few body aches. Susan believes she cannot afford to stay home, so she went to work and did not tell anyone how she was feeling. Susan assisted in the preparation of three meals before the chef noticed her physical condition and sent her home. What contributing factors put your patients and other staff members at risk? What food preparation practices that Susan was involved in put the patients and other staff members at risk? Which of the top four contributing factors has Susan committed by coming to work as a kitchen assistant in your healthcare facility?arrow_forwardAmong the following interventions which should be observed: A. Minimize friction to avoid loss of stratum corneum, which results in development of pressure ulcers. B. Smooth linen out to remove sources of mechanical irritation. C. Remove rings from fingers to prevent accidentally injuring patient's skin. D. Make sure that bath water is excessively hot or cold. ationale: One among the following statements is true regarding temperature regulation: A. Excess blankets or bed coverings interfere with heat loss through radiation and conduction. B. Wet bed linen or gowns promote with convection and conduction. C. Coverings interfere with heat conservation. D. All of the above ationale: Which among the following is true about sebum: Select all that apply. A. Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, an oily, odorous fluid, into the hair follicles. B. Sebum softens and lubricates the skin and slows water loss from the skin when the humidity is low C. Sebum has bactericidal action. D. None of the above…arrow_forwardWhen a pathogen (or its toxins) enters the blood, the infection can spread throughout the body. Such an infection would be considered... contagious systemic localized sub-clinicalarrow_forward
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