Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780321910417
Author: Theodore E. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward, Matthew E. Stoltzfus
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 80E
Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) and aniline (C6H5NH2) are both derivatives of benzene. Benzonic acid is an acid with Ka = 6.3 × 10-5 and aniline is a base with Ka = 4.3 × 10-10.
.
- What are the conjugate base of benzoic acid and the conjugate acid of aniline?
- Anilinium chloride (C6H5NH3CI) is a strong electrolyte that dissociates into anilinium ions (C6H5NH3+) and chloride ions. Which will be more acidic, a 0.10 M solution of benzoic acid or a 0.10 M solution of anilinium chloride?
- What is the value of the equilibrium constant for the following equilibrium? C 6H 5COOH(aq) + C 6H 5NH 2(aq) ⇌
C6H5COO -(aq) + C6H5NH3 +(aq)
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)
Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.1.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.1.2PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.2.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.2.2PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3.1PECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.3.2PECh. 2.4 - Practice Exercise 1 The atomic weight of copper,...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2.4.2PECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2.5.1PECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2.5.2PE
Ch. 2.6 - 11.93 The vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 19...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6.2PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7.1PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7.2PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.8.1PECh. 2.7 - Consider the two-dimensional square lattice of...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.9.1PECh. 2.7 - Given the ionic radii and molar masses of Sc3+...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.10.1PECh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.10.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12.2PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13.1PECh. 2.8 - The table below shows the normal boiling points of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14.1PECh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14.2PECh. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.1PECh. 2.9 - Prob. 2.15.2PECh. 2 - Prob. 1ECh. 2 - At 280C, raw milk sours in 4.0 h but takes 48 h to...Ch. 2 - At 900 o C, Kc = 0.0108 for the reaction CaCO3(g) ...Ch. 2 - Calculate the molar concentration of OH- in a...Ch. 2 - Pyridinium bromide (C5H5NHBr) is a strong...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2 - Prob. 8ECh. 2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false:...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11ECh. 2 - Prob. 12ECh. 2 - Prob. 13ECh. 2 - At 20 oC, the vapor pressure of benzene (C6 H6) is...Ch. 2 - Summarize the evidence used by J. J. Thomson to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16ECh. 2 - Prob. 17ECh. 2 - Prob. 18ECh. 2 - Suppose the rate law for the reaction in this...Ch. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 Using the data in Sample...Ch. 2 - Which of the following linear plots do you expect...Ch. 2 - A flask is charged with 0.100 mol of A and allowed...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23ECh. 2 - Prob. 24ECh. 2 - Prob. 25ECh. 2 - Prob. 26ECh. 2 - The addition of No accelerates the decomposition...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2 - Prob. 29ECh. 2 - The rates of many atmospheric reactions are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 31ECh. 2 - Prob. 32ECh. 2 - Prob. 33ECh. 2 - 15.23 The equilibrium constant for the...Ch. 2 - A mixture of 0.10 mol of NO, 0.050 mol of H2, and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 36ECh. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - Prob. 38ECh. 2 - Prob. 39ECh. 2 - Prob. 40ECh. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 Order the following three...Ch. 2 - Practice Exercise 1 What is the pH of a 0.28 M...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43ECh. 2 - Which of the following diagrams best represent an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45ECh. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - Prob. 47ECh. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - Prob. 49ECh. 2 - 16.72 Calculate the molar concentration of OH- in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51ECh. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - Prob. 54ECh. 2 - a. Given that Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 10-5 and...Ch. 2 - 16.78
a. Given that Kb for ammonia is 1.8 X 10 -5...Ch. 2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2 - Prob. 62ECh. 2 - 16.86 An unknown salt is either KBr, NH4 C1, KCN,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 64ECh. 2 - Prob. 65ECh. 2 - 16.89 Based on their compositions and structures...Ch. 2 - Prob. 67ECh. 2 - 16.91 Indicate whether each of the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 69ECh. 2 - Prob. 70ECh. 2 - Prob. 71ECh. 2 - Prob. 72ECh. 2 - Prob. 73ECh. 2 - Prob. 74ECh. 2 - Prob. 75ECh. 2 - Prob. 76ECh. 2 - Prob. 77ECh. 2 - Prob. 78ECh. 2 - Prob. 79ECh. 2 - Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) and aniline (C6H5NH2) are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 81ECh. 2 - Prob. 82ECh. 2 - Prob. 83ECh. 2 - Butyric acid is responsible for the foul smell of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85ECh. 2 - Prob. 86ECh. 2 - Prob. 87AECh. 2 - 1S.113 Many moderately large organic molecules...Ch. 2 - Prob. 89AECh. 2 - Prob. 90AECh. 2 - Prob. 91AECh. 2 - Prob. 92AECh. 2 - Prob. 93AECh. 2 - 16.120 At 50 oC, the ion-product constant for H2...Ch. 2 - Prob. 95AECh. 2 - Prob. 96AECh. 2 - Prob. 97AECh. 2 - Prob. 98AECh. 2 - Prob. 99AECh. 2 - Which two statements about gas mixtures are true?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 101AECh. 2 - 13.6 If you compare the solubilities of the noble...Ch. 2 - Prob. 103AECh. 2 - Prob. 104AECh. 2 - Suppose you had a balloon made of some highly...Ch. 2 - Prob. 106AECh. 2 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false:...Ch. 2 - Indicate the type of solute-solvent interaction...Ch. 2 - An ionic compound has a very negative H soln in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 110AECh. 2 - Prob. 111AECh. 2 - The solubility of Cr (NO3)3 . 9 H2O in water is...
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- How do the components of a conjugate acid—base pair differ from one another4? Give an example of a conjugate acid—base pair to illustrate your answer.arrow_forwardFor oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.arrow_forwardWhich acid has the strongest conjugate base? (a) HNO2 (b) C6H5CO2H (c) HCN (d) HClarrow_forward
- Classify each of the acids in Problem 10-20 as a strong acid or a weak acid. a. H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) b. HC2H3O2 (acetic acid) c. H2C5H6O4 (glutaric acid) d. HCN (cyanic acid)arrow_forward8-17 For each of the following, tell whether the base is strong or weak. (a) NaOH (b) Sodium acetate (c) KOH (d) Ammonia (e) Waterarrow_forwardFind the value of Kb for the conjugate base of the following organic acids. (a) picric acid used in the manufacture of explosives; Ka = 0.16 (b) trichloroacetic acid used in the treatment of warts; Ka = 0.20arrow_forward
- Find the value of Kb for the conjugate base of the following organic acids. (a) picric acid used in the manufacture of explosives; K a =0.16 (b) trichloroacetic acid used in the treatment of warts; K a =0.20arrow_forwardUse Table 13-3 to help answer the following questions. a. Which is the stronger base, ClO4 or C6H5NH2? b. Which is the stronger base, H2O or C6H5NH2? c. Which is the stronger base, OH or C6H5NH2? d. Which is the stronger base, C6H5NH2 or CH3NH2?arrow_forwardFor conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)arrow_forward
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