Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321993724
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 68P
You’re on a NASA team engineering a probe to land on Jupiter’s moon to, and your job is to specify the impact speed the probe can tolerate without damage. Rockets will bring the probe to a halt 100 m above the surface, after which it will fall freely. What speed do you specify? (Consult Appendix E.)
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
You go where no one has gone before and discover an interesting planet of radius r. When you arrive, you clearly want to do some experiments to learn more about this world. You begin with some simple kinematics and measure the time t for an object thrown directly up with velocity vi to return to your hand. With this information, you find that the acceleration due to gravity gi s much lower than on Earth.
a) You decide to orbit the planet in your spacecraft at a distance Rabove the surface of the planet. Find the time required to complete one orbit in terms of R, r, vi, t, and any necessary constants.
b) FInd the escape velocity ve–the initial velocity necessary for an object to barely escape the gravitational pull of the planet. Express your answer in terms of vi, r, t,and any necessary constants.
c) Find the distance from the planet’s center at which an object launched from the surface with velocity vwill have lost 90% of its initial kinetic energy at the surface in terms of v,vi, r,…
Мon
Gravity:
on
off
O Gravity Force
Velocity
>
Path U
Grid
Star Mass
0.5
Our Sun
1.5
2.0
Planet Mass
0.5
Earth
1.5
2.0
Fast
392 Earth Days
Normal
Clear
Slow
Olympus Mons on Mars is the largest volcano in the solar system, at a height of 25 km and with a radius of 312 km. If you are standing on the summit, with what initial velocity would you have to fire a projectile from a cannon horizontally to clear the volcano and land on the surface of Mars? Note that Mars has an acceleration of gravity of 3.7 m/s2.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Ch. 2.1 - We just described three trips from Houston to Des...Ch. 2.2 - The figures show position-versus-time graphs for...Ch. 2.3 - An elevator is going up at constant speed, slows...Ch. 2.5 - Standing on a roof, you simultaneously throw one...Ch. 2.6 - The graph shows acceleration versus time for three...Ch. 2 - Under what conditions are average and...Ch. 2 - Does a speedometer measure speed or velocity?Ch. 2 - You check your odometer at the beginning of a days...Ch. 2 - Consider two possible definitions of average...Ch. 2 - Is it possible to be at position x = 0 and still...
Ch. 2 - Is it possible to have zero velocity and still be...Ch. 2 - If you know the initial velocity v0 and the...Ch. 2 - Starting from rest, an object undergoes...Ch. 2 - In which of the velocity-versus-time graphs shown...Ch. 2 - If you travel in a straight line at 50 km/h for 1...Ch. 2 - If you travel in a straight line at 50 km/h for 50...Ch. 2 - In 2009, Usain Bolt of Jamaica set a world record...Ch. 2 - The standard 26-mile, 385-yard marathon dates to...Ch. 2 - Starting front home, you bicycle 24 km north in...Ch. 2 - The Voyager 1 spacecraft is expected to continue...Ch. 2 - In 2008, Australian Emma Snowsill set an...Ch. 2 - Taking Earths orbit to be a circle of radius 1.5 ...Ch. 2 - Whats the conversion factor from meters per second...Ch. 2 - On a single graph, plot distance versus time for...Ch. 2 - For the motion plotted in Fig. 2.15, estimate (a)...Ch. 2 - A model rocket is launched straight upward. Its...Ch. 2 - A giant eruption on the Sun propels solar material...Ch. 2 - Starting from rest, a subway train first...Ch. 2 - A space shuttles main engines cut off 8.5 min...Ch. 2 - An egg drops from a second-story window, taking...Ch. 2 - An airplanes takeoff speed is 320 km/h. If its...Ch. 2 - ThrustSSC, the worlds first supersonic car,...Ch. 2 - Youre driving at 70 km/h when you apply constant...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29ECh. 2 - An X-ray tube gives electrons constant...Ch. 2 - A rocket rises with constant acceleration to an...Ch. 2 - Starting from rest, a car accelerates at a...Ch. 2 - A car moving initially at 50 mi/h begins slowing...Ch. 2 - In a medical X-ray tube, electrons are accelerated...Ch. 2 - Californias Bay Area Rapid Transit System (BART)...Ch. 2 - Youre driving at speed v0 when you spot a...Ch. 2 - You drop a rock into a deep well and 4.4 s later...Ch. 2 - Your friend is sitting 6.5 m above you on a tree...Ch. 2 - A model rocket leaves the ground, heading straight...Ch. 2 - A foul ball leaves the bat going straight up at 23...Ch. 2 - A Frisbee is lodged in a tree 6.5 m above the...Ch. 2 - Space pirates kidnap an earthling and hold him on...Ch. 2 - You allow 40 min to drive 25 mi to the airport,...Ch. 2 - A base runner can get from first to second base in...Ch. 2 - You can run 9.0 m/s, 20% faster than your brother....Ch. 2 - A jetliner leaves San Francisco for New York, 4600...Ch. 2 - An objects position is given by x = bt + ct3 where...Ch. 2 - An objects position as a function of time t is...Ch. 2 - In a drag race, the position of a car as a...Ch. 2 - Squaring Equation 2.7 gives an expression for v2....Ch. 2 - During the complicated sequence that landed the...Ch. 2 - The position of a car in a drag race is measured...Ch. 2 - A fireworks rocket explodes at a height of 82.0 m,...Ch. 2 - The muscles in a grasshoppers legs can propel the...Ch. 2 - On packed snow, computerized antilock brakes can...Ch. 2 - A particle leaves its initial position x0 at time...Ch. 2 - A hockey puck moving at 32 m/s slams through a...Ch. 2 - Amtraks 20th-Century Limited is en route from...Ch. 2 - A jetliner touches down at 220 km/h and comes to a...Ch. 2 - A motorist suddenly notices a stalled car and...Ch. 2 - A racing car undergoing constant acceleration...Ch. 2 - The maximum braking acceleration of a car on a dry...Ch. 2 - After 35 min of running, at the 9-km point in a...Ch. 2 - Youre speeding at 85 km/h when you notice that...Ch. 2 - Airbags cushioned the Mars rover Spirits landing,...Ch. 2 - Calculate the speed with which cesium atoms must...Ch. 2 - A falling object travels one-fourth of its total...Ch. 2 - Youre on a NASA team engineering a probe to land...Ch. 2 - Youre atop a building of height h, and a friend is...Ch. 2 - A castles defenders throw rocks down on their...Ch. 2 - Two divers jump from a 3.00-m platform. One jumps...Ch. 2 - A balloon is rising at 10 m/s when its passenger...Ch. 2 - Landing on the Moon, a spacecraft fires its...Ch. 2 - Youre at mission control for a rocket launch,...Ch. 2 - Youre an investigator for the National...Ch. 2 - You toss a book into your dorm room, just clearing...Ch. 2 - Consider an object traversing a distance L, part...Ch. 2 - A particles position as a function of time is...Ch. 2 - Ice skaters, ballet dancers, and basketball...Ch. 2 - Youre staring idly out your dorm window when you...Ch. 2 - A police radars effective range is 1.0 km, and...Ch. 2 - An object starts moving in a straight line from...Ch. 2 - Youre a consultant on a movie set, and the...Ch. 2 - (a) For the ball in Example 2.6, find its velocity...Ch. 2 - Your roommate is an aspiring novelist and asks...Ch. 2 - You and your roommate plot to drop water balloons...Ch. 2 - Derive Equation 2.10 by integrating Equation 2.7...Ch. 2 - An objects acceleration increases quadratically...Ch. 2 - An objects acceleration is given by the expression...Ch. 2 - An objects acceleration decreases exponentially...Ch. 2 - A ball is dropped from rest at a height li0 above...Ch. 2 - A wildlife biologist is studying the hunting...Ch. 2 - A wildlife biologist is studying the hunting...Ch. 2 - A wildlife biologist is studying the hunting...Ch. 2 - A wildlife biologist is studying the hunting...Ch. 2 - A wildlife biologist is studying the hunting...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
76. A proton is fired from far away toward the nucleus of an iron atom. Iron is element number 26, and the diam...
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
46. Which should be more stable: the lithium-7 or the lithium-8 isotope?
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
13. The hand in FIGURE Q7.13 is pushing on the back of block A. Blocks A and B, with mB > mA, are connected by ...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (4th Edition)
Choose the best answer to each of the following. Explain your reasoning. What is the name of the rigid outer la...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
Express the unit vectors in terms of (that is, derive Eq. 1.64). Check your answers several ways Also work o...
Introduction to Electrodynamics
The final speed of each cart.
Physics (5th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (b) y-coordinate Need Help? Read It Watch It Submit Answer 2. DETAILS SERCP11 3.2.P.009. MY NOTES ASK YOUR TEACHER The best leaper in the animal kingdom is the puma, which can jump to a height of 3.7 m when leaving the ground at an angle of 45°. With what speed must the animal leave the ground to reach that height? m/s Need Help? Read It Watch It PRACTICE AOTHER MY NOTES ASK YOUR TEACHER 3. DETAILS SERCP11 3.2.P.014. From the window of a building, a ball is tossed from a height yo above the ground with an initial velocity of 8.90 m/s and angle of 22.0° below the horizontal. It strikes the gyound 6.00 s (a) If the base of the building is taken to be the origin of the coordinates, with upward-the positive y-direction, what are the initial coordinates of the ball? (Use the following as necessary: Yo: Assume SI units. Do not substitute numerical values; use variables only.) later. 10:03arrow_forwardA rock is thrown straight downward near the Earth’s surface with initial velocity of 20m/s down. Assuming it doesn’t reach the ground, after 4 seconds its speed will be aboutarrow_forwardA marble rolls off a tabletop 1.0 m high and hits the floor at a point 3.0 m away from the table's edge in the horizontal direction. (a) How long is the marble in the air? (b) What is the speed of the marble when it leaves the table's edge? (c) What is its speed when it hits the floor?arrow_forward
- (a) A spaceship is projected vertically upward from the Earth's surface with an initial speed of 6.96 km/s, but unfortunately does not have a great enough speed to escape Earth's gravity. What maximum height does the spaceship reach (in m)? Ignore air resistance. (b) A meteoroid falls from a height of 2.21 ✕ 107 m above the surface of the Earth. What is the speed (in m/s) when the meteorite hits the Earth? Assume the meteoroid is initially at rest with respect to the Earth. (Note that a meteorite is a meteoroid that makes it to Earth's surface.)arrow_forwardYou are standing 5.0 meters from a vertical wall that is 5.0 meters high. You throw a small ball at an angle of 50.0° above the horizontal with a speed of 10.0 m/s. If you release the ball 1.5 meters above the ground, has the ball reached the highest point of its trajectory when it impacts the wall? O There is not enough information to answer the question. O No O Yesarrow_forwardSuppose you are an intrepid interplanetary explorer and you've landed on the remote planet, Gorzag. Your task is to determine the free-fall acceleration on the surface of Gorzag, which has no atmosphere. All you have is a space rock, a stop watch, and a laser range finder (a tool to measure distance). You find a nearby cliff and make the following measurements: the height of the cliff is 55m, and when you drop the rock off the cliff it takes 40s for the rock to hit the ground below. Show your work.arrow_forward
- Escape velocity is the minimum velocity required to leave a planet. In the case of Earth, this speed is ve = 11.19 km. If this speed needs to be reached before leaving the troposphere (12 km), what acceleration must a rocket reach the moon reach?arrow_forward(a) A spaceship is projected vertically upward from the Earth's surface with an initial speed of 6.91 km/s, but unfortunately does not have a great enough speed to escape Earth's gravity. What maximum height does the spaceship reach (in m)? Ignore air resistance. m (b) A meteoroid falls from a height of 1.91 x 107 m above the surface of the Earth. What is the speed (in m/s) when the meteorite hits the Earth? Assume the meteoroid is initially at rest with respect to the Earth. (Note that a meteorite is a meteoroid that makes it to Earth's surface.) m/s Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardI need help with this HW problemarrow_forward
- PLEASE WORK ON THE SECOND QUESTION(Question B). Problem: As the first human astronaut to land on a distant planet, you are standing on the edge of a small cliff. You toss a small experiment apparatus straight up in the air and it reaches a maximum height of 3.0m above the cliff. The apparatus then falls to the bottom of the cliff, landing a distance 10 m below its initial position. A) Given that the acceleration due to gravity on the exoplanet is a=−5.6j^ m/s^2 {REFER TO ONE OF THE PICTURE}, how long did it take for the apparatus to get from the top of its trajectory to the bottom of the cliff? The coordinate system is set up such that "up" is in the +j^ direction. Answer a): 2.2 seconds. ****B)Suppose the time between the apparatus leaving your hand and landing on the ground was measured to be t=4.80s. What was the velocity of the apparatus leaving your hand?arrow_forwardA very bored 318 kg bear decides to jump across a stream. The stream is 6 m wide and the east bank of the stream is 1m higher than the west bank (where the bear starts). The bear can jump with an initial velocity vi = (4m/s, 4m/s , and decides to start from 3m in the air, halfway up a sturdy tree. If the origin is at the bear's foot (up in the tree), write an equation describing the coordinate of the bear while it is in the air. Use the following table as a reference. Note that it may not be necessary to use every variable.arrow_forwardA prankster flips a coin off of the Empire Building at a height of 1054 feet above the ground. The initial vertical velocity of the coin is 1.20m/s. In real life, air resistance would limit the maximum speed the coin can attain during its fall, but if air resistance were not a factor and assuming it has practically no horizontal motion, answer the following questions. (1 foot = 0.3048m) a. What would the coin's velocity be when it hits the ground? b. How long would it take to hit? c. How high would the coin be halfway through the total falling time, and how fast would it be falling then?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...PhysicsISBN:9780078807213Author:Paul W. ZitzewitzPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-HillPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningClassical Dynamics of Particles and SystemsPhysicsISBN:9780534408961Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. MarionPublisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...
Physics
ISBN:9780078807213
Author:Paul W. Zitzewitz
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 1
Physics
ISBN:9781938168277
Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax - Rice University
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems
Physics
ISBN:9780534408961
Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. Marion
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Position/Velocity/Acceleration Part 1: Definitions; Author: Professor Dave explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dCrkp8qgLU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY