Chapter 2, Problem 5A

Summary Introduction

Introduction :

An ecosystem can be defined as a community of living organisms in association with the non-living components of their environment and interacting with one another as a system. The nonliving or abiotic and living or biotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flow.

Answer to Problem 5A

Correct answer :

The correct answer is option (B) Wind blowing through its branches.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer :

Option (B) Wind blowing through its branches. In an ecosystem, there exists a relationship between the biotic and abiotic components. The biotic components include the living organisms. Abiotic components or abiotic factors are the non-living physical and chemical components or factors like air, light, soil, water, etc. So, the correct answer is option (B).

Explanation for incorrect answer :

Option (A) A caterpillar eating its leaves. Any living organism of an ecosystem is included as the biotic component. Organisms which grow, reproduce and after completing their life cycle perish are the biotic constituent of any ecosystem. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (C) A bird nesting in its branches. The ecosystem consists of two components which are the biotic component and the abiotic component. Biotic components are any living components that affects other organisms and helps to shape the ecosystem. Birds are important biotic components of any ecosystem. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (D) Fungus growing on its roots. Biotic factors make up all of the living organisms within an ecosystem including fungi. So, this is an incorrect answer.