Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 2, Problem 23E
Average atomic masses listed by JUPAC are based on a study of experimental results. Bromine has two isotopes
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 2 - In the following drawing, the green spheres...Ch. 2 - Which postulate of Dalton’s theory is consistent...Ch. 2 - Identify the postulate of Dalton’s theory that is...Ch. 2 - Samples of compound X, Y, and Z are analyzed, with...Ch. 2 - The existence of isotopes violates one of the...Ch. 2 - How are electrons and protons similar? How are...Ch. 2 - How are protons and neutrons similar? How are they...Ch. 2 - Predict and test the behavior of a particles fired...Ch. 2 - Predict and test the behavior of a particles fired...Ch. 2 - In what way are isotopes of a given element always...
Ch. 2 - Write the symbol for each of the following ions:...Ch. 2 - Write the symbol for each of the following ions:...Ch. 2 - Open the Build an Atom simulation...Ch. 2 - Open the Build an Atom simulation...Ch. 2 - Open the Build an Atom simulation...Ch. 2 - Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and...Ch. 2 - The following are properties of isotopes of two...Ch. 2 - Give the number of protons, electrons, and...Ch. 2 - Give the number of protons, electrons, and...Ch. 2 - Click on the site...Ch. 2 - Click on the site...Ch. 2 - An element has the following natural abundances...Ch. 2 - Average atomic masses listed by JUPAC are based on...Ch. 2 - Variations in average atomic mass may be observed...Ch. 2 - The average atomic masses of some elements may...Ch. 2 - The 18O:16O abundance ratio in some meteorites is...Ch. 2 - Explain why the symbol for an atom of the element...Ch. 2 - Explain why the symbol for the element sulfur and...Ch. 2 - Write the molecular and empirical formulas of the...Ch. 2 - Write the molecular and empirical formulas of the...Ch. 2 - Determine the empirical formulas for the following...Ch. 2 - Determine the empirical formulas for the following...Ch. 2 - Write the empirical formulas for the following...Ch. 2 - Open the Build a Molecule simulation...Ch. 2 - Open the Build a Molecule simulation...Ch. 2 - Open the Build a Molecule simulation...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, classify each of the...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, classify each of the...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, Identify the lightest...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, Identify the heaviest...Ch. 2 - Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol...Ch. 2 - Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol...Ch. 2 - Write a symbol for each of the following neutral...Ch. 2 - Write a symbol for each of the following neutral...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, predict whether the...Ch. 2 - Using the periodic table, predict whether the...Ch. 2 - For each of the following compounds, state whether...Ch. 2 - For each of the following compounds, state whether...Ch. 2 - For each of the following pairs of ions, write the...Ch. 2 - For each of the following pairs of ions, write the...Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds: CsCl BaO K2S BeCl2...Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds: NaF Rb2O BCl3 H2Se...Ch. 2 - Write the formulas of the following compounds:...Ch. 2 - Write the formulas of the following compounds:...Ch. 2 - Write the formulas of the following compounds:...Ch. 2 - Write the formulas of the following compounds:...Ch. 2 - Each of the following compounds contains a metal...Ch. 2 - Each of the following compounds contains a metal...Ch. 2 - The following ionic compounds are found in common...Ch. 2 - The following ionic compounds are found in common...Ch. 2 - What are the IUPAC names of the following...
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- Europium has two stable isotopes, 151Eu and 153Eu, with masses of 150.9197 u and 152.9212 u, respectively. Calculate the percent abundances of these isotopes of europium.arrow_forwardA cube of sodium has length 1.25 in. How many atoms are in that cube? (Note: dNa=0.968 g/cm3.)arrow_forwardWhen a sample of phosphorus burns in air, the compound P4O10 forms. One experiment showed that 0.744 g of phosphorus formed 1.704 g of P4O10. Use this information to determine the ratio of the atomic weights of phosphorus and oxygen (mass P/mass O). If the atomic weight of oxygen is assumed to be 16.000, calculate the atomic weight of phosphorus.arrow_forward
- Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible.arrow_forwardThe element silver (Ag) has two naturally occurring isotopes: 109 Ag and 107Ag with a mass of 106.905 u. Silver consists of 51.82% 107Ag and has an average atomic mass of 107.868 u. Calculate the mass of 109Ag.arrow_forwardConsider the following data for three binary compounds of hydrogen and nitrogen: %H (by Mass) %N (by Mass) I 17.75 82.25 II 12.58 87.42 III 2.34 97.66 When 1.00 L of each gaseous compound is decomposed to its elements, the following volumes of H2(g) and N2(g) are obtained: H2(L) N2(L) I 1.50 0.50 II 2.00 1.00 III 0.50 1.50 Use these data to determine the molecular formulas of compounds I, II, and III and to determine the relative values for the atomic masses of hydrogen and nitrogen.arrow_forward
- The mass spectrum of CH3Cl is illustrated here. You know that carbon has two stable isotopes, and 13C with relative abundances of 98.9% and 1.1%, respectively, and chlorine has two isotopes, 35a and 37CI with abundances of 75.77% and 24.23%, respectively. (a) What molecular species gives rise to the lines at m/Z of 50 and 52? Why is the line at 52 about 1/3 the height of the line at 50? (b) What species might be responsible for the line at m/Z = 51?arrow_forwardArgon has three naturally occurring isotopes: 0.3336% 36Ar, 0.063% 38Ar, and 99.60% 40Ar. Estimate the average atomic mass of argon. If the masses of the isotopes are 35.968 u, 37.963 u, and 39.962 u, respectively, calculate the average atomic mass of natural argon.arrow_forwardClick on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible. 21. Repeat Exercise 2.20 using an element that has three naturally occurring isotopes.arrow_forward
- Reference Section 5-2 to find the atomic masses of 12C and 13C, the relative abundance of 12C and 13C in natural carbon, and the average mass (in u) of a carbon atom. If you had a sample of natural carbon containing exactly 10,000 atoms, determine the number of 12C and 13C atoms present. What would be the average mass (in u) and the total mass (in u) of the carbon atoms in this 10,000-atom sample? If you had a sample of natural carbon containing 6.0221 1023 atoms, determine the number of 12C and 13C atoms present What would be the average mass (in u) and the total mass (in u) of this 6.0221 1023 atom sample? Given that 1 g = 6.0221 1023 u, what is the total mass of I mole of natural carbon in units of grams?arrow_forwardThe mass spectrum of phosphoryl chloride. POF3, is illustrated here. (a) Identify the cation fragment at a m/Z ratio of 85. (b) Identify the cation fragment at a m/Z ratio of 69. (c) Which two peaks in the mass spectrum provide evidence that the oxygen atom is connected to the phosphorus atom and is not connected to any of the three fluorine atoms?arrow_forwardCalculate the atomic mass of each of the following elements using the given data for the percentage abundance and mass of each isotope. a. Silver: 51.82% 107Ag (106.9 amu) and 48.18% 109Ag (108.9 amu) b. Silicon: 92.21% 28Si (27.98 amu), 4.70% 29Si (28.98 amu), and 3.09% 30Si (29.97 amu)arrow_forward
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