Chapter 2, Problem 2.36P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CN}}^{-}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is $\text{HCN}$.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{HCN}\stackrel{-{\text{H}}^{+}}{\to }{\text{CN}}^{-}\\ \text{Acid}\text{Conjugate}\text{base}\end{array}$

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CN}}^{-}$.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CN}}^{-}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{2-}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is ${\text{HCO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{-}$.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{HCO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{-}\stackrel{-{\text{H}}^{+}}{\to }{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{2-}\\ \text{Acid}\text{Conjugate}\text{base}\end{array}$

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{2-}$.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{2-}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\left({\text{CH}}_3\right)}_2{\text{NH}}^{-}$.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is ${\left({\text{CH}}_3\right)}_2\stackrel{+}{\text{N}}{\text{H}}_2$.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

Figure 1

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is ${\left({\text{CH}}_3\right)}_2{\text{NH}}^{-}$.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\left({\text{CH}}_3\right)}_2{\text{NH}}^{-}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate an ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid is $\text{CH}\equiv {\text{C}}^{-}$ ion.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is $\text{CH}\equiv \text{CH}$.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{HC}\equiv \text{CH}\stackrel{-{\text{H}}^{+}}{\to }\text{CH}\equiv {\text{C}}^{-}\\ \text{Acid}\text{Conjugate}\text{base}\end{array}$

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is $\text{CH}\equiv {\text{C}}^{-}$.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is $\text{CH}\equiv {\text{C}}^{-}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid ispropionate ion.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is propionic acid.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

Figure 2

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is propionate.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is shown in figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: The conjugate base of given acid is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Answer to Problem 2.36P

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_3{}^{-}$ ion.

Explanation of Solution

The given acid is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\text{H}$.

The given acid is ethynylcyclohexane.

An acid is a substance that is capable to donate a ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion or a proton. The substance formed after donating a proton is conjugate base of an acid.

Thus, the ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ion is removed from the given acid to get its conjugate base.

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}\text{H}\stackrel{-{\text{H}}^{+}}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_3{}^{-}\\ \text{Acid}\text{Conjugate}\text{base}\end{array}$

Hence, the conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_3{}^{-}$ ion.

Conclusion

The conjugate base of given acid is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SO}}_3{}^{-}$