General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN: 9781305580343

Author: Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Atoms and Molecules

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that possesses all the properties of that particular element. Molecules are the smallest unit of a substance that possess all the properties of that particular substance.

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Textbook Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.106QP

In a hypothetical universe, an oil-drop experiment gave the following measurements of charges on oil drops: −5.55 × 10⁻¹⁹ C, −9.25 × 10⁻¹⁹ C, −1.11 × 10⁻¹⁸ C, and −1.48 × 10⁻¹⁸ C. Assume that the smallest difference in charge equals the unit of negative charge in this universe. What is the value of this unit of charge? How many units of excess negative charge are there on each oil drop?

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Chapter 2 Solutions

General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)

Ch. 2.1 - Like Dalton, chemists continue to model atoms...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 2.2CC Ch. 2.3 - A nucleus consists of 17 protons and 18 neutrons....Ch. 2.4 - Chlorine consists of the following isotopes:...Ch. 2.5 - By referring to the periodic table (Figure 2.15 or...Ch. 2.5 - Consider the elements He, Ne, and Ar. Can you come...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.4E Ch. 2.6 - Classify each of the following as either an ionic...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.5CC Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.5E

Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.6E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.6CC Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.7E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.8E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.9E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.10E Ch. 2.8 - Washing soda has the formula Na2CO310H2O. What is...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12E Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.7CC Ch. 2.10 - Prob. 2.13E Ch. 2 - Describe atomic theory and discuss how it explains...Ch. 2 - Two compounds of iron and chlorine, A and B,...Ch. 2 - Explain the operation of a cathode-ray tube....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.4QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.5QP Ch. 2 - What are the different kinds of particles in the...Ch. 2 - Describe how protons and neutrons were discovered...Ch. 2 - Oxygen consists of three different _____, each...Ch. 2 - Describe how Dalton obtained relative atomic...Ch. 2 - Briefly explain how a mass spectrometer works....Ch. 2 - Define the term atomic weight. Why might the...Ch. 2 - What is the name of the element in Group 4A and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.13QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.14QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.15QP Ch. 2 - What is the fundamental difference between an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.17QP Ch. 2 - Which of the following models represent a(n): a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.19QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.20QP Ch. 2 - How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in...Ch. 2 - The atomic weight of Ga is 69.72 amu. There are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.23QP Ch. 2 - A chunk of an unidentified element (lets call it...Ch. 2 - Average Atomic Weight Part 1: Consider the four...Ch. 2 - Model of the Atom Consider the following...Ch. 2 - One of the early models of the atom proposed that...Ch. 2 - A friend is trying to balance the following...Ch. 2 - Given that the periodic table is an organizational...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.30QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.31QP Ch. 2 - Match the molecular model with the correct...Ch. 2 - Consider a hypothetical case in which the charge...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.34QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.35QP Ch. 2 - You perform a chemical reaction using the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.37QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.38QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.39QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.40QP Ch. 2 - A student has determined the mass-to-charge ratio...Ch. 2 - The mass-to-charge ratio for the positive ion F+...Ch. 2 - The following table gives the number of protons...Ch. 2 - The following table gives the number of protons...Ch. 2 - Naturally occurring chlorine is a mixture of the...Ch. 2 - Naturally occurring nitrogen is a mixture of 14N...Ch. 2 - What is the nuclide symbol for the nucleus that...Ch. 2 - An atom contains 34 protons and 45 neutrons. What...Ch. 2 - Ammonia is a gas with a characteristic pungent...Ch. 2 - Hydrogen sulfide is a gas with the odor of rotten...Ch. 2 - Calculate the atomic weight of an element with two...Ch. 2 - An element has two naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - An element has three naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - An element has three naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - While traveling to a distant universe, you...Ch. 2 - While roaming a parallel universe, you discover...Ch. 2 - Identify the group and period for each of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.58QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.59QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.60QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.61QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.62QP Ch. 2 - The normal form of the element sulfur is a...Ch. 2 - White phosphorus is available in sticks, which...Ch. 2 - A 4.19-g sample of nitrous oxide (an anesthetic,...Ch. 2 - Nitric acid is composed of HNO3 molecules. A...Ch. 2 - A sample of ammonia, NH3, contains 1.2 1023...Ch. 2 - A sample of ethanol (ethyl alcohol), C2H3OH,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.69QP Ch. 2 - What molecular formula corresponds to each of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.71QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.72QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.73QP Ch. 2 - Ammonium phosphate, (NH4)3PO4, has how many oxygen...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.75QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.76QP Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds. a Na2SO4 b Na3N c...Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds. a CaO b Mn2O3 c...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.79QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.80QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.81QP Ch. 2 - For each of the following binary compounds, decide...Ch. 2 - Give systematic names to the following binary...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.84QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.85QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.86QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.87QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.88QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.89QP Ch. 2 - Give the name and formula of the acid...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.91QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.92QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.93QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.94QP Ch. 2 - For the balanced chemical equation Ca(NO3)2 +...Ch. 2 - In the equation 2PbS + O2 2PbO + 2SO2, how many...Ch. 2 - Balance the following equations. a Sn + NaOH ...Ch. 2 - Balance the following equations. a Ca3(PO4)2 +...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.99QP Ch. 2 - Solid sodium metal reacts with water, giving a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.101QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.102QP Ch. 2 - Two samples of different compounds of nitrogen and...Ch. 2 - Two samples of different compounds of sulfur and...Ch. 2 - In a series of oil-drop experiments, the charges...Ch. 2 - In a hypothetical universe, an oil-drop experiment...Ch. 2 - Compounds of europium. Eu, are used to make color...Ch. 2 - Cesium, Cs, is used in photoelectric cells...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.109QP Ch. 2 - One isotope of a metallic element has mass number...Ch. 2 - Obtain the fractional abundances for the two...Ch. 2 - Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes, one...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.113QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.114QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.115QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.116QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.117QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.118QP Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds. a Sn3(PO4)2 b NH4NO2...Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds. a Cu(NO2)3 b (NH4)3P...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.121QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.122QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.123QP Ch. 2 - Name the following molecular compounds a ClF4 b...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.125QP Ch. 2 - Balance the following equations. a NaOH + H2CO3 ...Ch. 2 - A monatomic ion has a charge of +4. The nucleus of...Ch. 2 - A monatomic ion has a charge of +1. The nucleus of...Ch. 2 - Natural carbon, which has an atomic weight of...Ch. 2 - A sample of natural chlorine, has an atomic weight...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.131QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.132QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.133QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.134QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.135QP Ch. 2 - Ammonia gas reacts with molecular oxygen gas to...Ch. 2 - A hypothetical element X is found to have an...Ch. 2 - A monotomic ion has a charge of +3. The nucleus of...Ch. 2 - A small crystal of CaCl2 that weighs 0.12 g...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.140QP Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.141QP Ch. 2 - The IO3, anion is called iodate. There are three...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.143QP Ch. 2 - From the following written description, write the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.145QP Ch. 2 - Name the following compounds: a HCl(g) b HBr(aq) c...Ch. 2 - During nuclear decay a 238U atom can break apart...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.148QP Ch. 2 - There are 2.619 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of sodium....Ch. 2 - There are 1.699 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of...Ch. 2 - A sample of green crystals of nickel(II) sulfate...Ch. 2 - Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate has pink-colored...Ch. 2 - A sample of metallic element X, weighing 3.177 g,...Ch. 2 - A sample of metallic element X, weighing 4.315 g,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.156QP Ch. 2 - The element europium exists in nature as two...

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