Chapter 2, Problem 10CTQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The group number of the nitrogen should be determined according to the periodic table and whether the group number is matched with the number of dots on nitrogen in Figure 2.1 should be checked.

Concept Introduction :

In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. Group number refers to the column number on the periodic table.

Nitrogen present in the fifth column and the second period of the periodic table.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of line bonds that are attached to $\text{N}$ on the structure of ${\text{NH}}_3$ should be calculated.

Concept Introduction :

A number of line bonds indicate the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Number of nonbonded electrons drawn on $\text{N}$ in ${\text{NH}}_3$ should be calculated.

Concept Introduction :

The number of nonbonded electrons are free electrons that can be seen on the atom in the Lewis structure. These are shown by using dots on the atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formal charge of each atom in ${\text{NH}}_3$ should be calculated.

Concept Introduction :

Formal Charge = Group Number − Number of lines − Number of dots

Group Number refers to the column number on the periodic table.

The number of lines indicates the number of line bonds to the atom in the Lewis structure or it shows the number of bonded pairs of electrons.

Number of dots represent the number of non-bonded electrons on an atom in the Lewis structure