a) Acrylonitrile, C 3 H 3 N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond. Interpretation: Structure of acrylonitrile, C 3 H 3 N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn. Concept introduction: A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

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The Concept of Aromaticity 21.15 State the number of 2p orbital electrons in each molecule or ion. (a) (b) (e) (f) (c) (d) (h) (i) DA (k) 21.16 Which of the molecules and ions given in Problem 21.15 are aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? Which, if planar, would be antiaromatic? 21.17 Which of the following structures are considered aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? ---0-0 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (h) H -H .8.0- 21.18 Which of the molecules and ions from Problem 21.17 have electrons donated by a heteroatom?

1. Show the steps necessary to make 2-methyl-4-nonene using a Wittig reaction. Start with triphenylphosphine and an alkyl halide. After that you may use any other organic or inorganic reagents. 2. Write in the product of this reaction: CH3 CH₂ (C6H5)₂CuLi H₂O+

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

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Answer 5

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

Answer 6

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Answer 7

Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP

Interpretation Introduction

a) Acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, which contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 1

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Nitrogen with five valence electrons can form three covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in acrylonitrile molecule. Two carbons are joined by a double bond and the third carbon is involved in forming triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with second carbon. Out of the five valence electrons available, nitrogen has utilized only three electrons in forming the triple bond. Therefore a lone pair of electron remains on nitrogen. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 2

Answer 13

Conclusion

Structure of acrylonitrile, C₃H₃N, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon- nitrogen triple bond along with lone pair of electrons.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

b) Ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms

Interpretation:

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 3

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, with an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds. Oxygen with six valence electrons can form two covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form one covalent bond. There are three carbons in ethyl methyl ether molecule. Since the oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms, the third carbon must be attached to any one of the carbons bonded to oxygen atom. Hence the skeleton structure of ethyl methyl ether will be C-C-O-C. Out of the six valence electrons available, oxygen has utilized only two electrons in forming the bonds. Therefore two lone pairs of electrons remain on oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms are distributed on different carbon atoms depending upon their valence requirements giving the structure as H₃C-CH₂-O-CH₃.

Answer 21

Conclusion

Structure of ethyl methyl ether, C₃H₈O, which contains an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 4

Answer 22

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Answer 23

Interpretation Introduction

c) Butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms.

Interpretation:

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 5

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, with a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are in a chain like C-C-C-C. The ten hydrogen atom are distributed on these four carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of butane thus is CH₃- CH₂- CH₂- CH₃.

Answer 29

Conclusion

Structure of butane, C₄H₁₀, which contains a chain of four carbon atoms along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 6

Answer 30

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8

Conclusion

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 9

Answer 31

Interpretation Introduction

d) Cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Interpretation:

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of two electrons between the atoms, each atom giving one electron for sharing. Such a covalent bond, that is, a pair of shared electrons is represented as a line between the atoms, for example as A-B. The number of covalent bonds formed by an atom depends on the number of electrons that the atom requires for making the octet in its valence shell. Valence electrons that are not used for bonding are called lone-pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 33AP

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, which contains a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond.

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 7

Answer 33

Expert Solution

Answer 34

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Explanation of Solution

Structure of cyclohexene, C₆H₁₀, with a ring of six carbon atoms and one carbon-carbon double bond along with lone pair of electrons is required. Carbon with four valence electrons can form four covalent bonds while hydrogen with one valence electron an form only one covalent bond. The carbons are to be arranged in the form a ring with two carbons attached through a double bond and two single bonds and others through four by single bonds. The ten hydrogen atoms are distributed on these six carbons satisfying their valence requirements. Thus no lone pair of electrons remains on either carbon or hydrogen. The structure of cyclohexene is

Organic Chemistry - With Access (Custom), Chapter 1.SE, Problem 33AP , additional homework tip 8