Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19.9, Problem 1MQ
Summary Introduction
Microbial ecologists use radioisotopes, stable isotopes, microsensors, and genomic methods to measure microbial activity. Measuring microbial activity in the natural sample is used to estimate physiological reactions in the entire microbial community. Activity measurement is used to study types and rates of the
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Describe the enrichment strategy behind...Ch. 19.1 - Why is sulfate (So42) added to a Winogradsky...Ch. 19.1 - What is enrichment bias? How does dilution reduce...Ch. 19.1 - Why do the results of a direct enrichment of an...Ch. 19.2 - What is a pure culture and why is obtaining one...Ch. 19.2 - How does the agar dilution method differ from...Ch. 19.2 - What criteria serve to demonstrate that a culture...Ch. 19.3 - How might you isolate a morphologically unique...Ch. 19.3 - What is meant by high-throughput in culturing...Ch. 19.3 - What feature of high-throughput culturing relieves...
Ch. 19.4 - How does viability staining differ from stains...Ch. 19.4 - What types of environments limit the application...Ch. 19.4 - Why is it incorrect to say that the GFP is a...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 19.5 - What structure in the cell is the target for...Ch. 19.5 - FISH and CARD-FISH can be used to reveal different...Ch. 19.5 - Why is CARD-FISH more suitable than FISH for...Ch. 19.6 - What could you conclude from PCR/DGGE analysis of...Ch. 19.6 - What surprising finding has come out of many...Ch. 19.6 - How has next-generation sequencing technology...Ch. 19.6 - QWhich method, ARISA or T-RFLP, would provide more...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.7 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 19.7 - Why might a microarray be superior to using...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.8 - How do environmental genomic approaches differ...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 19.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 19.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.9 - If a large pulse of organic matter entered the...Ch. 19.9 - Q What are the major advantages of radioisotopic...Ch. 19.10 - What is the simplest explanation for why lunar...Ch. 19.10 - What is the expected isotopic composition of...Ch. 19.10 - How might exchange of metabolites among members of...Ch. 19.10 - Will autotrophic organisms contain more or less...Ch. 19.11 - How could NanoSIMS be used to identify a...Ch. 19.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 19.11 - How does MAR-FISH link microbial diversity and...Ch. 19.11 - Q What can MAR-FISH tell you that FISH alone...Ch. 19.12 - How can stable isotope probing reveal the identity...Ch. 19.12 - What key method is required to do genomics on a...Ch. 19.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 19.12 - How would you use cytometric cell sorting to...Ch. 19 - Design an experiment for measuring the activity of...Ch. 19 - You wish to know whether Archaea exist in a lake...Ch. 19 - Design an experiment to solve the following...Ch. 19 - Design a SIP experiment that would allow you to...
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- Discuss the possibility of life on Mars. Will extremophiles prove useful? Can you explain the upper-temperature limit to life unrelated to the stability of proteins or nucleic acids? How influential is microbial activity on the geological processes of mineral formation and deposition compared to biological processes? Can you argue both sides? What are the challenges and advantages of the use of extremeophiles in industrial or bioremediation applications?arrow_forwardAre you able to identify the lag, log, stationary and death phase in using these growth curves?Are you able to calculate the generation time for this microbe under the two conditions?arrow_forwardWhy are some microbial habitats unsuitable forplant and animal life?arrow_forward
- In simpler terms explain Lag, Log, Stationary, and Death Phase in the Microbial Growth Curve?arrow_forward3. (a) Comparing the culture-dependant (e.g., colony forming units count) and DNA- based (e.g., PCR) bacterial number quantification methods, what are the primary disadvantages of using culture-dependent methods to quantify bacterial numbers in an environmental sample? Use no more than three sentences or bullet points to present your answer succinctly.arrow_forwardDiscuss the possibility of life on Mars. In reference to extremophiles. Defend or refute this statement: The upper-temperature limit to life is unrelated to the stability of proteins or nucleic acids. How influential is microbial activity on the geological processes of mineral formation and deposition compared to biological processes? (argue both sides of this one). What challenges and advantages do you see with the use of extremeophiles in industrial or bioremediation applications?arrow_forward
- What is the value of monitoring changes in microbial abundance and diversity as a function of varied storage conditions?arrow_forwardWhich of these are known to host chemosynthetic communities? a) Hydrothermal vent O b) Hydrocarbon seep c) Hypersaline seep d) All of the above.arrow_forwardYou were tasked to aseptically collect different environmental samples from a quarry site and process them back in the laboratory for microbial cultivation and analysis. After all the thorough experiments, you were only able to cultivate and study 36 microorganisms. However, based on the metagenomic analysis conducted, there are about 140 other species present in the samples collected. Why is this the case? Discuss and expound on the possible reasonarrow_forward
- You're in charge of bioremediation of jet fuel-contaminated soil. Your colleague advises that you add nitrogen and phosphate to the soil to encourage the development of naturally existing hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. However, you've just read about a new microbe slurry containing nutrients and a surfactant that's being marketed. What information do you need to gather in order to choose the best course of action? How are you going to get these numbers?arrow_forwardA genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is of which species?arrow_forwardIf we are to rely on microorganisms to biodegrade wastes in landfills,aquatic habitats, and soil, list some ways that this process could bemade more efficient.arrow_forward
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