Chapter 19.1, Problem 5PP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The oxidation number of Cl in $NaCl{O}_4$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 5PP

The oxidation number of Cl in $NaCl{O}_4$ is+3.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of Cl is calculated as:

$\begin{array}{c}\left(+1\right)+x+\left(-1\times 4\right)=0\\ 1+x-4=0\\ x-3=0\\ x=3\end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The oxidation number of P in $AlP{O}_4$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 5PP

The oxidation number of P in $AlP{O}_4$ is+5.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of P is calculated as:

$\begin{array}{c}\left(+3\right)+x+\left(-2\times 4\right)=0\\ 3+x-8=0\\ x-5=0\\ x=5\end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The oxidation number of N in $HN{O}_2$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 5PP

The oxidation number of N in $HN{O}_2$ is+3.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of N is calculated as:

$\begin{array}{c}\left(+1\right)+x+\left(-2\times 2\right)=0\\ 1+x-4=0\\ x-3=0\\ x=3\end{array}$