Chapter 19.1, Problem 12SSC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The oxidation number of $\text{N}$ in $\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_3$ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transferred completely.

Answer to Problem 12SSC

The oxidation number of $\text{N}$ in $\text{H}\text{N}{\text{O}}_3$ is +5.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of $\text{N}$ is calculated as:

  $\begin{array}{c}\left(+1\right)+\text{x}+\left(-2\times 3\right)=0\end{array}$

       $\begin{array}{c}1+\text{x}-6=0\end{array}$

         $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}-5=0\end{array}$

           $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}=5\end{array}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The oxidation number of $\text{S}\text{b}$ in $\text{S}{\text{b}}_2{\text{O}}_5$ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 12SSC

The oxidation number of $\text{S}\text{b}$ in $\text{S}{\text{b}}_2{\text{O}}_5$ is +5.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of $\text{S}\text{b}$ is calculated as:

  $\begin{array}{c}2\times \text{x}+\left(-2\times 5\right)=0\end{array}$

       $\begin{array}{c}2\text{x}-10=0\end{array}$

        $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}-5=0\end{array}$

         $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}=5\end{array}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The oxidation number of N in $\text{C}\text{a}{\text{N}}_2$ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 12SSC

The oxidation number of N in $\text{C}\text{a}{\text{N}}_2$ is -1.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of N is calculated as:

  $\begin{array}{c}\left(+2\right)+2\times \text{x}=0\end{array}$

     $\begin{array}{c}2+2\text{x}=0\end{array}$

       $\begin{array}{c}2\text{x}=-2\end{array}$

        $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}=-1\end{array}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The oxidation number of $\text{W}$ in $\text{C}\text{u}\text{W}{\text{O}}_4$ is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Oxidation number: It is defined as charge the atom would have if electrons are not shared but transfer completely.

Answer to Problem 12SSC

The oxidation number of $\text{W}$ in $\text{C}\text{u}\text{W}{\text{O}}_4$ is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation number of $\text{W}$ is calculated as:

  $\begin{array}{c}\left(+2\right)+\text{x}+\left(-2\times 4\right)=0\end{array}$

       $\begin{array}{c}2+\text{x}-8=0\end{array}$

         $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}-6=0\end{array}$

           $\begin{array}{c}\text{x}=6\end{array}$