Interpretation:
A synthesis of nifedipine from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, methyl acetoacetate and ammonia has to be given.
Concept introduction:
Aldol condensation:
Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of
Michael reaction:
The reaction occurs with a variety of
The donor compound of this reaction includes
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Chapter 19 Solutions
EP ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-OWL V2 ACCESS
- this drug contains one or more building blocks derived from either ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin.Identify the part of each molecule that can be derived from one or the other of the building block and propose structural formulas for the nucleophile(s) that can be used along with either ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin to synthesize each molecule.arrow_forwardFollowing is a synthesis for toremifene, a nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist whose structure is closely related to that of tamoxifen. (a) This synthesis makes use of two blocking groups, the benzyl (Bn) group and the tetrahydropyranyl (THP) group. Draw a structural formula of each group and describe the experimental conditions under which it is attached and removed. (b) Discuss the chemical logic behind the use of each blocking group in this synthesis. (c) Propose a mechanism for the conversion of D to E. (d) Propose a mechanism for the conversion of F to toremifene. (e) Is toremifene chiral? If so, which of the possible stereoisomers are formed in this synthesis?arrow_forwardWhen bromomethane undergoes solvolysis in a solvent mixture composed of 90% water/10% acetone, the reaction rate is faster than when the same compound is solvolyzed in 80% water/20% acetone. Explain.arrow_forward
- Benzo(a)pyrene is a well known carcinogen. Based on its chemical properties, explain why benzo(a)pyrene and similar compounds are dangerous mutagens.arrow_forwardthis drug contains one or more building blocks derived from either ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin.Identify the part of each molecule that can be derived from one or the other of the building block and propose structural formulas for the nucleophile(s) that can be used along with either ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin to synthesize each molecule.arrow_forwardWrite the structure of following organic compoundarrow_forward
- 2) Which of the following amine gives more faster addition and substitution reaction with the following carbonyl compounds? Write the structures of the products in boxes. NH2 CI NH2arrow_forwardWrite a mechanism that explains how the reaction of 1 mol of bromoethane with 1 mol of ammonia can lead to a mixture ethylamine,diethylamine,triethylamine and tetraethylammonium bromite rather than pure ethylaminearrow_forwardDescribe how 3-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pentanol can be prepared from benzene. You can use any inorganic reagents and solvents, and any organic reagents provided they contain no more than two carbons.arrow_forward
- Provide the structural formula of the products that are formed when acetophenone reacts with these reagents: 1. NaBH4 in Methanol 2. Ag(NH3)2+ 3. C6H5MgBr, then H3O+ 4. H2 in Pt 5. Hydroxylamine 6. Phenylhydrazine 7. LiAlH4 then water 8. HCN 9. Diethylamine 10. 2 CH3OH, HCl catalystarrow_forwardWhen the three benzaldehydes shown below were exposed to HCN under identical conditions it was found that the equilibrium constants, K, for the three cyanohydrin formation reactions were different. Based on principles that govern equilibrium processes for reversible carbonyl addition reactions, place the K values for the three reactions in ascending order (smallest to largest). Briefly justify your answer. (Hint: Recall that electron deficient carbonyls tend to react faster with nucleophiles and have larger equilibrium constants for the addition reaction.) H X O + HCN pH ~ 9-10 X = H, NO₂, OCH 3 OH H+CN Xarrow_forwardWhen n-butyl bromide is treated with sodium iodide (Nal) in ethanol (EtOH), the concentration of iodide quickly decreases, but then slowly returns to its original concentration. Provide an explanation for these observations, and identify the final product of the reaction. Olodide displaces the bromide leaving group, and then bromide displaces the iodide leaving group. Olodide displaces the bromide leaving group, and the resulting n-butyl iodide undergoes an E2 elimination. Olodide displaces the bromide leaving group, and the resulting n-butyl iodide undergoes an E2 elimination. O lodide displaces the bromide leaving group, and the resulting n-butyl iodide undergoes a substitution with EtOH. Draw Your Solution Save for Later Urin maltinale atheneint Attempts: 0 of 3 used Submit Answerarrow_forward
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