Chapter 19, Problem 19.32SP

For each compound,

1. 1. classify the nitrogen-containing functional groups.
2. 2. provide an acceptable name.

   

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The nitrogen containing functional groups from the given compounds is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Functional groups are specific substituents present in the molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions. The nitrogen containing functional groups are those functional groups that contain at least one nitrogen atom. The presence of nitrogen atom within the ring also behaves as a functional group.

Answer to Problem 19.32SP

The classification of the nitrogen containing functional groups is stated below.

Explanation of Solution

The classification of the nitrogen containing functional groups is as follows,

1. a. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 1

In the above compound “$-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$” group behaves as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional group is a primary amine. Hence, the name of the compound is $2,2$-dimethylpropan-$1$-amine.

1. b. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 2

In the above compound “$-\text{NH}$” group behaves as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional is a secondary amine. Hence, the name of the compound is $N$-methylpropan-$2$-amine.

1. c. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 3

In the above compound “$-{\text{NO}}_2$” group behaves as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional group is nitro group. Here the nitrogen present in the ring behaves as a tertiary amine. Hence, the name of the compound is $3$-nitro pyridine.

1. d. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 4

In the above compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with four carbon atoms with a unit positive charge. Therefore, it is a quaternary ammonium salt. The name of this compound is $N,N$-dimethylpiperidinium iodide.

1. e. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 5

In the above compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms with a unit positive charge. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The name of this compound is $N$-ethyl, $N$-methylaniline oxide

1. f. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 6

In the above compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The parent compound is aniline. Therefore, the name of this compound is $N$-ethyl, $N$-methylaniline.

1. g. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 7

In the above compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The parent compound is pyridine with a positive charge. A chloride ion is also present. Therefore, the name of this compound is pyridine chloride.

1. h. The given compound is as follows,

Figure 8

In the above compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with one hydrogen and two carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a secondary amine. The name of this compound is $N,4$-diethylhexane, $3$-amine.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An acceptable name for the given compounds is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The IUPAC nomenclature of organic compound is a method used for naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Functional groups are specific substituents present in the molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions. The nitrogen containing functional groups are those functional groups that contain at least one nitrogen atom. The presence of nitrogen atom within the ring also behaves as a functional group.

Answer to Problem 19.32SP

The acceptable names of the given compounds are shown below.

Explanation of Solution

1. a. In the given compound “$-{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$” group is present as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional group is a primary amine. The parent carbon chain is of three carbon and two methyl groups are present as a side chain. Therefore, the name of the compound is $2,2$-dimethylpropan-$1$-amine.
2. b. In the given compound “$-\text{NH}$” group is present as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional is a secondary amine. The parent carbon chain is of three carbons and one methyl group is present as a side chain. Therefore, the name of the compound is $N$-methylpropan-$2$-amine.
3. c. In the given compound “$-{\text{NO}}_2$” group is present as a functional group. It is a nitrogen containing functional group. This nitrogen containing functional group is nitro group. The parent carbon chain is cyclic and nitrogen containing. Here, nitrogen present in the ring behaves as a tertiary amine. Hence, the name of the compound is $3$-nitro pyridine.
4. d. In the given compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with four carbon atoms with a unit positive charge. Therefore, it is a quaternary ammonium salt. The name of this compound is $N,N$-dimethylpiperidinium iodide.
5. e. In the given compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms with a unit positive charge. One negatively charged oxygen is also present. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The name of this compound is $N$-ethyl, $N$-methylaniline oxide.
6. f. In the given compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The parent compound is aniline. Therefore, the name of this compound is $N$-ethyl, $N$-methylaniline.
7. g. In the given compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with three carbon atoms with a unit positive charge. Therefore, it is a tertiary amine. The parent compound is pyridine with a positive charge. A chloride ion is also present. Therefore, the name of this compound is pyridine chloride.
8. h. In the given compound “$\text{N}$” atom is attached with one hydrogen and two carbon atoms. Therefore, it is a secondary amine. The name of this compound is $N,4$-diethylhexane, $3$-amine.